不同郁闭度对野外回归海南假韶子生长与光合生理的影响  

Effect of different canopy densities on growth and photosynthetic physiology of reintroduced Paranephelium hainanensis

作　　者：洪文君 王炳宇 曾德华 孙令俊 黄永平 韦茂山 刘俊 HONG Wenjun;WANG Bingyu;ZENG Dehua;SUN Lingjun;HUANG Yongping;WEI Maoshan;LIU Jun(Sanya Academy of Forestry,Sanya 572000,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]三亚市林业科学研究院,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2025年第3期89-97,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(421RC672);海南省自然科学基金面上项目(321MS0820)。

摘　　要：【目的】为科学评价野外回归极小种群植物海南假韶子的生境适应性。【方法】采用3年生海南假韶子实生容器苗开展野外回归试验,探讨林缘、林隙、林下3种(郁闭度由小到大)不同光照条件对回归海南假韶子生长、叶片形态、叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数等的影响。【结果】连续监测2年发现,随着郁闭度的增大,成活率从93.57%下降到62.96%,苗高净生长量从26.72 cm减小到4.84 cm,地径净生长量从2.78 mm减小到0.79 mm,冠幅净生长量从0.82 m减小到0.42 m;比叶面积呈增大趋势,单叶叶面积、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量和叶绿素总含量均呈下降的趋势,叶绿素a/b比值则呈先上升后下降的趋势;叶绿素荧光参数F_(o)、F_(m)和F_(v)值呈显著增加的趋势,但F_(v)/F_(m)和F_(v)/F_(o)比值呈下降的趋势。【结论】郁闭度的变化对野外回归海南假韶子保存率、生长量和光合生理产生显著影响。综合分析得知,林缘适宜作为野外回归海南假韶子的生境条件。这一结果可为其他极小种群野生植物的回归生境适应性的研究提供参考。【Objective】The purpose of this study is to scientifically assess the habitat adaptability of the critically endangered plant Paranephelium hainanensis in its return to the wild.【Method】Using 3-year-old container seedlings of P.hainanensis,a field return experiment was conducted to explore the growth,leaf morphology,chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of P.hainanensis under three different light conditions(from low to high canopy density) such as forest edge,gap and under the forest canopy.【Result】Continuous monitoring for two years showed that as canopy density increased,the survival rate of P.hainanensis decreased from 93.57% to 62.96%;the net growth of plant height decreased from 26.72 to 4.84 cm;the net growth of ground diameter decreased from 2.78 to 0.79 mm;and the net growth of crown width decreased from 0.82 to 0.42 m.The specific leaf area increased with the increase in canopy density.The single leaf area,the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll decreased,while the ratio of chlorophyll a/b first increases and then decreased.The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters F_(o),Fm and F_(v) increased significantly,but the ratios of F_(v)/F_(m) and F_(v)/F_(o) decreased.【Conclusion】Changes in canopy density have significant effects on the survival rate,growth,and photosynthetic physiology of P.hainanensis.Based on the comprehensive analysis,it is concluded that the forest edge is suitable as a habitat for the wild return of P.hainanensis.This provides significant guidance for exploring suitable habitats for the reintroduction of other wild plants with extremely small populations.

关 键 词：海南假韶子 野外回归 郁闭度 形态指标 叶绿素荧光参数 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]