配比施肥对紫椴生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of formula fertilization on the growth and physiological characteristics of Tilia amurensis

在线阅读下载全文

作  者:姜芙蓉 杨立学[1,2,3] 宋欣程 申方圆 JIANG Furong;YANG Lixue;SONG Xincheng;SHEN Fangyuan(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Northeast Native Tree Species-National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区:[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学国家林业草原东北乡土树种工程技术研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]东北林业大学森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出  处:《中南林业科技大学学报》2025年第3期128-137,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基  金:中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(黑[2024]TG02号)。

摘  要:[目的]合理施肥可以提高土壤肥力,增加林木的抗病虫害能力,提高木材产量和质量。探究配比施肥对紫椴生长、光合、叶片养分含量以及叶片解剖性状的影响,为紫椴高效施肥技术提供理论参考。[方法]以7年生的紫椴为试验材料,采用N、P、K3因素3水平正交试验L_(9) (3~4),设置不同施肥配比处理,分别为T1 (N_(1)P_(1)K_(1))、T2 (N_(1)P_(2)K_(2))、T3 (N_(1)P_(3)K_(3))、T4 (N_(2)P_(1)K_(2))、T5 (N_(2)P_(2)K_(3))、T6 (N_(2)P_(3)K_(1))、T7 (N_(3)P_(1)K_(3))、T8 (N_(3)P_(2)K_(1))、T9 (N_(3)P_(3)K_(2)),共9个处理并设对照CK,测定叶片养分含量、气体交换参数、解剖性状以及树高、地径增长量等指标。[结果]1)合理施肥可以显著提高紫椴树高和地径增长量(P<0.05),其中均以T5处理的紫椴树高、地径增长量最高,较CK分别提高了155.86%和115.92%。2)不同配比施肥处理紫椴叶片全N和全P含量无显著变化,叶片N含量和P含量分别在T1和T2最高,但叶片N:K值显著提升(P<0.05),叶片全K含量和K:P值显著降低,钾含量在T9最低,低于CK32.5%。3)不同配比施肥处理紫椴叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_(2)浓度与CK均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。其中,净光合速率在T4下最大,蒸腾速率和气孔导度在T5下达到最大,胞间CO_(2)浓度在T3下表现最佳。4)配比施肥对紫椴叶片结构及组织厚度均具有显著影响(P<0.05),对叶片组织紧密度无显著影响。其中,栅海比均高于CK,处理T5的栅海比表现最好,相较于CK提高了65.96%。叶片组织疏松度与对照差异均不显著,范围为0.29~0.42;各处理叶片组织紧密度均显著高于对照(P<0.05),但处理之间无显著差异,范围为0.31~0.49。[结论]合理的氮磷钾配比施肥可以提高紫椴的光合能力和养分积累能力,促进紫椴的生长。综合来看,本试验中T4的处理效果最好,即:尿素、过磷酸钙、氯化钾的施肥量分别为28.3、42.9、10.8 g/株。[Objective] Reasonable fertilization can improve soil fertility,increase trees resistance to pests and diseases,and improve wood yield and quality.To explore the effects of proportionate fertilization on the growth,photosynthesis,leaf nutrient content and leaf anatomical traits of T.amurensis,and provide theoretical reference for the efficient fertilization technology of T.amurensis.[Method] Using 7-year-old Tilia amurensis as experimental materials,used N,P,K 3 factors 3-level orthogonal test L_(9)(3^(4)),set up different fertilization ratios treatments,including T1(N_(1)P_(1)K_(1)),T2(N_(1)P_(2)K_(2)),T3(N_(1)P_(3)K_(3)),T4(N_(2)P_(1)K_(2)),T5(N_(2)P_(2)K_(3)),T6(N_(2)P_(3)K_(1)),T7(N_(3)P_(1)K_(3)),T8(N_(3)P_(2)K_(1)),T9(N_(3)P_(3)K_(2)),a total of nine treatments and the CK,to determine leaf nutrient content,gas exchange parameters,anatomical traits,and tree height and diameter growth.[Result] 1) Rational fertilization could significantly(P <0.05) increase the height and diameter growth of T.amurensis,both of which were highest in the T5 treatment,which increased 155.86% and 115.92%,respectively,compared with CK.2) there were no significant changes in the total N and total P contents of the leaves of T.amurensis treated with different ratios of fertilization,and the leaf N and P contents were the highest in T1 and T2,respectively,but the leaf N:K values were significantly elevated(P <0.05),the leaf total K and K:P values were significantly reduced,and the K content was the lowest in T9,which was lower than that of the CK by 32.5%.3) The net photo synthesis rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and inter-cellular CO_(2) concentration of leaves of Tilia amurensis treated with different fertilizer ratios were significantly different from those of CK(P <0.05).Among them,the net photosynthetic rate was greatest at T4,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance reached the maximum at T5,and the inter-cellular CO_(2) concentration was the best at T3.4) proportionate fertilization had a significant effect(P <0

关 键 词:紫椴 配比施肥 生长量 叶片养分 光合特性 叶片解剖 综合评价 

分 类 号:S725.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]

 

参考文献:

正在载入数据...

 

二级参考文献:

正在载入数据...

 

耦合文献:

正在载入数据...

 

引证文献:

正在载入数据...

 

二级引证文献:

正在载入数据...

 

同被引文献:

正在载入数据...

 

相关期刊文献:

正在载入数据...

相关的主题
相关的作者对象
相关的机构对象