植物生长调节剂对木姜叶柯花序生长、内源激素和营养物质的影响  

Effects of plant growth regulators on inflorescence growth,endogenous hormones and nutrients of Lithocarpus litseifolius

作　　者：何平 厉月桥[1,2] 刘仁 喻龙华 张华聪 宋云霞 孙韵 郭志强 HE Ping;LI Yueqiao;LIU Ren;YU Longhua;ZHANG Huacong;SONG Yunxia;SUN Yun;GUO Zhiqiang(Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Fenyi 336600,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Resource Utilization,Fenyi 336600,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600 [2]生物多样性保护与资源利用江西省重点实验室,江西分宜336600

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2025年第3期148-157,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2021MA004);江西省林业局林业科技创新专项(创新专项[2022]8号)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确3种不同植物生长调节剂对木姜叶柯生殖枝比例、花序产量及其内源激素、可溶性糖和蛋白质的影响。【方法】以7 a生木姜叶柯优良无性系人工林为材料,在其生理分化前连续6次叶面喷施不同浓度的复硝酚钠、矮壮素和多效唑,以喷清水为对照,对植株叶片内源激素、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量的动态变化及生殖枝比例和花序产量进行测定分析。【结果】不同植物生长调节剂对木姜叶柯生殖枝比例和花序产量存在显著或极显著差异,喷施矮壮素处理的生殖枝比例比对照显著降低了20%以上,喷施1000 mg·L^(-1)复硝酚钠处理的花序总产量最高,为332.73 g·m^(-2);喷施1000 mg·L^(-1)多效唑处理的雌雄混合花序产量最高,比对照高6.56倍。不同植物生长调节剂处理对不同时期木姜叶柯叶片中IAA、ABA、GA_(3)、ZR、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量的影响差异显著。喷施多效唑处理的IAA含量表现为先降低后升高的趋势,其他处理与之相反;在前后期GA_(3)、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量随着多效唑浓度的增加而增加;不同处理的ABA和ZR含量整体呈下降趋势。生殖枝比例与IAA呈显著负相关关系;单位面积花序总产量、单位面积雄花序产量与ZR呈显著正相关关系,单位面积雌雄混合花序产量与GA_(3)呈显著正相关关系;可溶性糖与IAA和GA_(3)显著正相关。【结论】在试验水平范围内,提高木姜叶柯花序产量、雌雄混合花序产量最佳的处理分别为1000 mg·L^(-1)的复硝酚钠和1000 mg·L^(-1)的多效唑;植物IAA激素含量调控生殖枝比例和可溶性糖含量,ZR和GA_(3)激素含量的升高会促进花序产量。生产中可根据需求调控适宜的植物生长调节剂以提高木姜叶柯花序产量和生殖枝比例等。【Objective】The effects of three different plant growth regulators on the proportion of reproductive branches,inflorescence yield,endogenous hormones,soluble sugar and protein of Lithocarpus litseifolius were determined.【Method】The 7-year-old L.litseifolius superior clone plantation was used as the material,and different concentrations of sodium nitrophenolate,chlormequat and paclobutrazol were sprayed on the leaves for 6 consecutive times before physiological differentiation.The dynamic changes of endogenous hormones,soluble sugar and soluble protein contents in leaves,the proportion of reproductive branches and inflorescence yield were measured and analyzed with water spraying as the control.【Result】There were significant or extremely significant differences in the proportion of reproductive branches and inflorescence yield among different plant growth regulators.The proportion of reproductive branches was significantly reduced by more than 20% compared with the control.The total inflorescence yield was the highest in the treatment of 1 000 mg·L^(-1) compound sodium nitrophenolate,which was 332.73 g·m^(-2).The yield of male and female mixed inflorescence treated with 1 000 mg·L^(-1) paclobutrazol was the highest,which was 6.56 times higher than that of the control.The effects of different plant growth regulators on the contents of IAA,ABA,GA_(3),ZR,soluble sugar and soluble protein in the leaves of L.litseifolius at different stages were significantly different.The IAA content of spraying paclobutrazol treatment showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing,while other treatments showed the opposite trend.The contents of GA_(3),soluble protein and soluble sugar increased with the increase of paclobutrazol treatment concentration in the early and late stages.The contents of ABA and ZR in different treatments showed a downward trend as a whole.There was a significant negative correlation between the proportion of reproductive branches and IAA.The total yield of inflorescence per unit area a

关 键 词：木姜叶柯 植物生长调节剂 花序产量 内源激素 

分 类 号：S792.189[农业科学—林木遗传育种]