组织再造、利益整合与行为支撑:新时代重构农民主体性的路径突破  

Organizational Re-engineering,Benefit Integration and Behavioral Support:The Path Breakthrough of Reconstructing Farmers'Subjectivity in the New Era

作　　者：段雨 DUAN Yu

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学社会学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《世界农业》2025年第4期105-114,共10页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“相对贫困农户主体性缺失的发生机制与治理策略研究”(21CSH043);中央高校基本科研业务费资助优创项目“整合式治理视角下农民再组织化的实践及逻辑”(2024CXZZ068);国家乡村振兴局中国扶贫发展中心组织的“2023年乡村振兴典型调查项目”。

摘　　要：充分激发农民主体性,全力探索依赖乡村内生力量与外源驱动相结合的发展道路,是新时代背景下深入实施乡村振兴战略的核心关键。本文采用“组织—利益—行为”的解释框架对冀西北Y县重构农民主体性的动态过程进行深描,并阐释其实践探索中蕴藏的经验启示及实现逻辑。研究发现,Y县依托基层党组织再造、完善利益联结机制及增强农民行为能力来重构农民主体性的创新实践,有效调动起农民参与乡村振兴建设的积极性和主动性,走出一条具有本土特色的农民主体性重塑路径。Y县做法取得不错成效的关键在于,通过基层党组织再造增强其组织动员能力,为促进农民组织化参与提供根本保证;通过利益联结关照农民多元化和分散的利益诉求,以经济激励解决农民参与动力不足问题;通过提高农民认知及参与能力唤醒其主体意识,为再造乡村公共精神和实施乡村振兴创造有利条件。组织、利益与行为是影响农民主体作用发挥的关键要素,三者之间相互联结、相互协同以达成相得益彰的治理之效,有力促进了农民主体性重构进程,也为中国式现代化进程中实现农民主体性重构的价值目标开辟了新途径。Fully stimulating farmers'subjectivity and exploring the development path that relies on the combination of endogenous forces and exogenous drive is the core key to the in-depth implementation of the rural revitalization strategy in the context of the new era.This paper adopts the explanatory framework of“organization-interest-behavior”to describe the dynamic process of reconstructing farmers'subjectivity in Y County,Northwest Hebei Province,and explains the experience and logic of its practical exploration.The study finds that County Y's innovative practice of reconstructing farmers'subjectivity by reengineering grass-roots party organizations,perfecting the benefit linkage mechanism,and enhancing farmers'behavioral capacity has effectively mobilized farmers to participate in rural revitalization,and has come out with a path of reconstructing farmers'subjectivity with local characteristics.The key to the success of County Y's approach is to strengthen the organizational and mobilizing capacity of the grassroots Party through the reconstruction of the Party organization,which provides a fundamental guarantee for the promotion of farmers'organized participation;to solve the problem of insufficient motivation for farmers'participation with economic incentives by taking care of farmers'diversified and dispersed interests through the linkage of interests;and to awaken farmers'subjective consciousness by improving their cognitive and participatory capacity,which creates favorable conditions for the reconstruction of the spirit of the countryside and the implementation of rural revitalization.Organization,interests and behaviors are the key elements affecting the role of farmers'subjectivity,which are interlinked and synergized to achieve a mutually complementary governance effect,which strongly promotes the process of reconstructing farmers'subjectivity and opens the way to accomplish the value goal of reshaping farmers'subjectivity in the process of Chinese modernization.

关 键 词：组织再造 利益整合 行为支撑 重构农民主体性 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]