一种U形减振垫对采煤机长螺杆振动影响的仿真  

Simulation Study on the Influence of a U-shaped Damping Pad on the Vibration of the Coal Winning Machine's Long Screw

作　　者：郑祝平 吕晓 魏洪清 ZHENG Zhuping;LU Xiao;WEI Hongqing(Tiandi Shanghai Mining Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201014,China;CCTEG Shanghai Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]天地上海采掘装备科技有限公司,上海201014 [2]中煤科工集团上海有限公司,上海200030

出　　处：《煤矿机电》2025年第1期83-85,90,共4页Colliery Mechanical & Electrical Technology

基　　金：中煤科工集团上海有限公司科研开发项目(02060139824X)。

摘　　要：采煤机工作时通常会截割矸矿石,此时采煤机长螺杆受到较大低频振动,易出现共振现象,致机身损坏。提出了一种安装于长螺杆槽内的U形减振垫,包裹长螺杆半周面,以减少共振现象的发生。为验证上述提出的优化方案,建立了长螺杆振动模型,并利用有限元法分析对比有无U形减振垫以及U形减振垫安装位置对长螺杆振动的影响,得出安装U形减振垫使长螺杆低阶固有频率增加约200 Hz,谐响应频率增加约90 Hz,避免了共振。并且当安装3个U形减振垫时,长螺杆一阶固有频率高达476 Hz,远大于外界对长螺杆结构的激励频率,显著避开了谐振点。When the coal winning machine is working,it usually cuts the gangue ore.At this time,the long screw of the coal winning machine is subjected to significant low-frequency vibration,which can easily cause resonance and damage to the machine body.A U-shaped vibration damping pad installed in the slot of a long screw was proposed,which wraps around the half circumference of the long screw to reduce the occurrence of resonance phenomenon.To verify the optimization scheme proposed above,a long screw vibration model was established.And the finite element method was used to analyze and compare the effects of the presence or absence of U-shaped damping pads and the installation position of U-shaped damping pads on the vibration of long screws.It was found that installing U-shaped damping pads increased the low order natural frequency of long screws by about 200 Hz and the harmonic response frequency by about 90 Hz,avoiding resonance.And when three U-shaped damping pads were installed,the first-order natural frequency of the long screw reaches up to 476 Hz,which is much higher than the external excitation frequency of the long screw structure,significantly avoiding the resonance point.

关 键 词：采煤机 长螺杆 振动 U形减振垫 谐响应 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]