基于电池储能系统的综合自适应一次调频策略  

Comprehensive Adaptive Primary Frequency Control Strategy Based on Battery Energy Storage System

作　　者：梁继业 袁至[1] 王维庆[1] 李骥 Liang Jiye;Yuan Zhi;Wang Weiqing;Li Ji(Renewable Energy Power Generation and Grid-Connection Control Engineering Research Center Ministry of Education,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,830017,China;Institute of Electric Power Science,State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co.Ltd,Urumqi,830011,China)

机构地区：[1]可再生能源发电与并网控制教育部工程研究中心(新疆大学),乌鲁木齐830017 [2]国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2025年第7期2322-2334,共13页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A01004-1);国家自然科学基金(52067020)资助项目。

摘　　要：由于传统的电池储能系统控制策略抑制电网频率恶化效果较差,进而限制了电池储能系统参与一次调频时的性能。因此,该文提出基于电池储能系统的综合自适应一次调频策略。首先,为了减少电网频率偏差,将趋势控制策略和惯性与下垂控制策略相结合,抑制电网频率恶化;其次,自适应控制储能系统出力系数,趋势系数随着电网频率加速度自适应变化,惯性系数随着电网频率变化率自适应变化,下垂系数随着电网频率偏差自适应变化,提高储能系统的自适应能力;再次,为了防止储能电池过充过放,提高荷电状态(SOC)估算精度,提出多元自适应估算SOC方法,减少SOC估算误差;最后,通过仿真实验验证了所提控制策略的有效性。该研究成果可为储能系统参与一次调频方面的研究提供有益参考。The primary frequency control of thermal power units has low energy efficiency and negative impact on the environment.The energy storage battery has the characteristic of fast response speed,but the control strategy of the energy storage system only considers the state of charge(SOC)near the minimum value in the discharge state,or the adaptive control when SOC is near the maximum value in the charging state,which has poor adaptability and does not consider the SOC estimation accuracy.As a result,the control strategy of the energy storage system has poor effect on inhibiting the deterioration of the power grid frequency,and then limits the performance of the energy storage system when it participates in the primary frequency control.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a comprehensive adaptive primary frequency control strategy based on battery energy storage system.Firstly,the trend control strategy and the inertia and sag control strategy are combined to define the trend output of the battery energy storage system and the frequency acceleration of the power grid,and explain the relationship among the frequency acceleration,frequency change rate and frequency deviation of the power grid.Secondly,the output coefficient of the battery energy storage system is adaptive control,and the trend coefficient is determined according to the frequency acceleration of the power grid,the inertia coefficient is determined according to the frequency change rate of the power grid,and the sag coefficient is determined according to the frequency deviation of the power grid,so as to improve the adaptive ability of the energy storage system.Finally,in order to prevent the energy storage battery from overcharging and over discharging and improve the SOC estimation accuracy,a multi-element adaptive SOC estimation method is proposed.Simulation results show that in the step load disturbance,the maximum frequency deviation and steady-state frequency deviation of the proposed method are the smallest,which are-0.061 Hz and-0.049 Hz res

关 键 词：一次调频 惯性与下垂控制策略 趋势控制策略 自适应 荷电状态(SOC)估算 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]