云南省澳洲坚果僵果发生情况初步调查及原因分析  

Preliminary Investigation of Stiff Fruit Condition and Analysis of Causes of Macadamia in Yunnan Province

作　　者：陈宇春 杨仙武 吴永宽 王正成 宁娅 何双凌[1] 岳海[1] 贺熙勇[1] CHEN Yuchun;YANG Xianwu;WU Yongkuan;WANG Zhengcheng;NING Ya;HE Shuangling;YUE Hai;HE Xiyong(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops/Yunnan Agricultural Engineering Research Center for Macadamia/Yunnan Technology Innovation Center of Woody Oil,Jinghong 666100,China;Yunxian Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Yunxian 675800,China;Yunxian Zhengcheng Agricultural Development Co.,LTD.,Yunxian 675800,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所/云南省澳洲坚果农业工程研究中心/云南省木本油料技术创新中心,云南景洪666100 [2]云县林业与草原局,云南云县675800 [3]云县正成农业开发有限公司,云南云县675800

出　　处：《热带农业科技》2025年第2期19-24,共6页Tropical Agricultural Science & Technology

基　　金：云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项(RF2024-7);兴滇英才支持计划(XDYC-CYCX-2022-0068);创新引导与科技型企业培育计划项目(202404BP090014)。

摘　　要：随着云南省澳洲坚果种植规模的扩大和种植年限的增加,种植生产中的一些问题也逐渐显现,如僵果现象频发,严重影响澳洲坚果产量及品质。为了解掌握澳洲坚果僵果发生情况及原因,采用目测计数法,对云南省不同区域澳洲坚果种植区的7个澳洲坚果品种的僵果情况进行调查及统计分析。结果表明:调查区域内调查的各品种均有僵果现象,僵果数量及僵果率总体表现依次为‘A4’>‘A16’>‘O.C’>‘桂热1号’>‘H2’>‘HAES344’>‘HAES788’,其中品种‘A4’和‘A16’单株僵果发生率、僵果数量以及僵果率均远远高于其他品种。初步推测僵果产生的原因可能与植株水分、营养元素、内源激素等相关。As the planting scale of macadamia in Yunnan Province expands and the planting years increase,some problems in planting production gradually emerge,such as the frequent occurrence of stiff nuts,which seriously affect the yield and quality of macadamia.In order to understand and grasp the occurrence of stiff nuts in macadamia and the reasons for it,the survey and statistical analysis of the stiff fruit situation and causes were conducted using the visual counting method for 7macadamia varieties in different planting areas in Yunnan Province.The results show that all varieties investigated in the survey area have the phenomenon of stiff fruit,,and the overall performance of the number of stiff fruit and stiff fruit rate is as follows:'A4' > 'A16' > 'O.C.' > ' Guire No.1' > 'H2' > 'HAES344' > 'HAES 788'.Among them,the single-tree stiff fruit occurrence rate,number of stiff fruit,and stiff fruit rate of 'A4' and 'A16' are far higher than those of other varieties.Preliminary speculation suggests that the causes of the formation of stiff nuts may be related to aspects such as water content,nutrient elements,and endogenous hormones of the plants.

关 键 词：澳洲坚果 僵果 原因分析 防治 

分 类 号：S664.9[农业科学—果树学]