日粮添加支链氨基酸对伊犁马产奶量、乳成分的影响  

Effects of dietary supplementation of branched-chain amino acids on milk yield and milk composition of Yili horses

作　　者：贾雨欣 曾亚琦[1,2] 李晓斌 刘笑天[1] 高凤 孟军 JIA Yuxin;ZENG Yaqi;LI Xiaobin;LIU Xiaotian;GAO Feng;MENG Jun(College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Research Institute of Horse Industry,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆马繁育与运动生理重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国饲料》2025年第7期89-94,共6页China Feed

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“国产马专门化品系高效繁育技术体系构建”(2022A02013-1);自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项“马种质创新培育与高效健康养殖重点实验室平台建设”(PT2311);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目“专门化运动马培育技术服务支撑”(ZYYD2023C02)。

摘　　要：为研究日粮中添加不同梯度支链氨基酸(BCAA)对泌乳期伊犁马产奶量、常规乳成分、乳中游离氨基酸含量及激素水平的影响,本试验选择体重(392.90±12.18)kg、泌乳月龄相近的健康伊犁马20匹,随机分为4组,每组5匹。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加38、76、114 g/d支链氨基酸。试验期共67 d,其中预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果显示:(1)与对照组相比,各阶段各试验组产奶量均高于对照组,15、45 d时试验Ⅲ组产奶量显著高于对照组,分别增加了25.37%、20.32%(P<0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,45 d时试验Ⅲ组乳脂率显著提高了76.74%(P<0.05);乳蛋白率显著提高了14.20%(P<0.05);60 d时试验Ⅲ组乳蛋白率显著提高了15.57%(P<0.05)。(3)60 d时试验Ⅰ组丝氨酸含量较对照组显著提高了86.08%(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组天冬氨酸含量较试验Ⅰ组极显著提高了75.79%(P<0.01),较对照组和试验Ⅱ组分别显著提高了50.45%和56.07%(P<0.05)。(4)与对照组相比,60 d时试验Ⅲ组生长激素水平显著提高了9.81%(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组胰岛素水平分别显著提高了7.41%、7.74%(P<0.05)。本试验结果表明,日粮中添加支链氨基酸可以提高伊犁马产奶量以及马乳中乳脂率、乳蛋白率、部分功能性氨基酸含量和激素水平,改善乳品质,对提高伊犁马泌乳性能有积极作用,其中以添加114g/d支链氨基酸效果最佳。In order to study the effects of different gradient branched-chain amino acids(BCAA)added to the diet on milk yield,conventional milk composition,free amino acid content and hormone levels of Yili horses during lactation,20 healthy Yili horses weighing(392.90±12.18)kg and similar lactating age were randomly divided into 4 groups,each group was 5 horses,the control group was fed basal diet,and 38,76,114 g/d BCAA were added to the basal diet in the trial group I,trial group II and trial group III,respectively.The trial period lasted for 67 days,the pre-test period was 7 days and the main test period was 60 days.The results showed that:(1)The milk yield of each trial group in each stage was higher than that of the control group,and the milk yield of the trial group III was significantly higher than that of the control group at 15 and 45 days,which increased by 25.37%and 20.32%,respectively(P<0.05).(2)Compared with the control group,at 45 day,the milk fat percentage of trial group III was significantly increased by 76.74%(P<0.05),the milk protein percentage was significantly increased by 14.20%(P<0.05);at 60 day,the milk protein rate of group III was significantly increased by 15.57%(P<0.05).(3)At 60 day,the serine content in trial group I was significantly increased by 86.08%compared with the control group(P<0.05),and the aspartic acid content in the trial group III was significantly increased by 75.79%compared with the trial group I(P<0.01),and 50.45%,56.07%higher than that in the control group and the trial group II,respectively(P<0.05).(4)Compared with the control group,at 60 day,the growth hormone level in the trial group III was significantly increased by 9.81%(P<0.05),and the insulin levels in the trial group I and the trial group II were significantly increased by 7.41%and 7.74%,respectively(P<0.05).The results of this experiment showed that the addition of BCAA to the diet could increase the milk yield of Yili horses,the milk fat percentage,milk protein rate,some functional amino acid content and hormone le

关 键 词：支链氨基酸 伊犁马 产奶量 乳成分 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]