日粮中添加L-肉碱对育肥猪生长性能及肠道脂质吸收的影响  

Effect of dietary L-carnitine addition on growth performance,and intestinal lipid absorption in fattening pigs

作　　者：熊锦翼 尹杰[1] 黄兴国[1] 谢仁杰 李宏坤 梁坤 姚汉兴 XIONG Jinyi;YIN Jie;HUANG Xingguo;XIE Renjie;LI Hongkun;LIANG Kun;YAO Hanxing(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan Province 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2025年第7期102-108,共7页China Feed

基　　金：国家自然科学联合基金项目(U20A2055)。

摘　　要：为研究L-肉碱对育肥猪生长性能及肠道脂质吸收的影响,试验选用48头平均体重为70 kg左右的健康三元杂交(杜×长×大)育肥猪(阉公猪),随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,肉碱组在基础日粮中添加100 mg/kg L-肉碱,预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果显示:与对照组比较,肉碱组饲料能量和粗纤维消化率分别极显著提高2.44%、31.66%(P<0.01),且肉碱组饲料粗脂肪消化率有降低的趋势(P=0.068)。相比于对照组,肉碱组空肠脂滴面积极显著降低33.29%(P<0.01),空肠脂肪酸C15:1含量极显著降低52.78%(P<0.01),空肠脂肪酸C14:0、C17:0、C21:0、C20:5n3、SFA及PUFA含量分别显著降低35.68%、37.34%、20%、27.15%、42.75%、51.15%(P<0.05),空肠CD36、ApoB的基因表达量显著降低52%、39%(P<0.05)。研究表明,在育肥猪日粮中添加100 mg/kg L-肉碱可以降低肠道脂肪酸转运载体的基因表达量,减少肠道脂肪酸吸收,并提高饲料能量和粗纤维的利用率。The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of L-carnitine on growth performance and intestinal lipid absorption in fattening pigs.Forty-eight healthy ternary crossbred(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)fattening pigs(castrated boars)with an average weight of about 70 kg were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into 2 groups,with 6 replicates in each group and 4 pigs in each replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,and the carnitine group was supplemented with 100 mg/kg L-carnitine in the basal diet for a pre-test period of 7 days and a positive test period of 42 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,the feed energy and crude fiber digestibility of the carnitine group were highly significantly increased by 2.44%and 31.66%,respectively(P<0.01),and there was a trend of decreasing the crude fat digestibility of the feed in the carnitine group(P=0.068).Compared with the control group,the jejunal lipid droplet area in the carnitine group was highly significantly reduced by 33.29%(P<0.01);The jejunal fatty acid C15:1 content in the carnitine group was highly significantly reduced by 52.78%(P<0.01),and the jejunal fatty acid C14:0,C17:0,C21:0,C20:5n3,SFA,and PUFA contents in the carnitine group were significantly reduced by 35.68%,37.34%,20%,27.15%,42.75%,51.15%(P<0.05);Gene expression of jejunal CD36 and ApoB in carnitine group was significantly reduced by 52%and 39%(P<0.05).The study suggested that the addition of 100 mg/kg L-carnitine to the diet of fattening pigs could reduce the gene expression of intestinal fatty acid transporter carriers,decrease intestinal fatty acid absorption,and improve the utilization of feed energy and crude fiber.

关 键 词：L-肉碱 生长性能 脂肪酸 基因表达 育肥猪 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]