不同比例青贮饲料对肉牛瘤胃发酵参数及产气量的影响  

Effect of different proportions of silage on rumen fermentation parameters and gas production in beef cattle

作　　者：谷兴亮 关诗宇 曲磊 赵玉民[1] 秦立红 GU Xingliang;GUAN Shiyu;QU Lei;ZHAO Yumin;QIN Lihong(Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China Agricultural Science and Technology Northeast Innovation Center,Changchun,Jilin Province 130119,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin Province 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院中国农业科技东北创新中心,吉林长春130119 [2]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《中国饲料》2025年第7期176-181,共6页China Feed

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划重大科技专项(YDZJ202203CGZH039);肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CAR-37);吉林省农业科学院创新基金项目(CXGC2023SJ101,CXGC2023RCY028)。

摘　　要：为研究不同配比的青贮玉米秸秆对肉牛血液生化指标、甲烷产量和瘤胃发酵的影响,试验选取12头年龄和体重相似的健康肉牛,随机分为4组,每组3个重复。对照组粗饲料为100%干羊草,A组67%干羊草、33%青贮玉米秸秆,B组33%干羊草、67%青贮玉米秸秆,C组100%青贮玉米秸秆。结果表明:(1)添加青贮玉米秸秆对肉牛的代谢、营养吸收和健康未产生不利影响。(2)B组甲烷产量相较于对照组、A组和C组分别降低27.89%、20.30%和11.36%。(3)各组间pH、氨态氮浓度和瘤胃微生物蛋白浓度均在正常范围内,且青贮玉米秸秆在瘤胃中降解速率快。(4)C组总挥发性脂肪酸产量相比于对照组、A组和B组分别提高了9.82%、5.16%和4.13%;B组丙酸浓度相比于对照组、A组和C组分别提高22.90%、19.71%和17.43%。综上,日粮中添加67%青贮玉米秸秆作为粗饲料时较为适宜,甲烷产量最低,能量损失较少,并且可提高其消化率。This study aimed to explore the effects of different ratios of silage corn straw on blood biochemical indicators,methane production,and rumen fermentation in beef cattle.Twelve healthy beef cattle of similar age and weight were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into four groups with three replicates in each group.The control group received 100%dry sheep grass as the roughage,group A received 67%dry sheep grass and 33%silage corn straw,group B received 33%dry sheep grass and 67%silage corn straw,and group C received 100%silage corn straw.The results showed that:(1)Adding silage corn straw did not have adverse effects on the metabolism,nutrient absorption,and health of beef cattle.(2)The methane production of group B decreased by 27.89%,20.30%,and 11.36%compared with the control group,group A,and group C.(3)The pH,ammonia nitrogen concentration,and rumen microbial protein concentration among the groups were all within the normal range,and the degradation rate of silage corn straw in the rumen was fast.(4)The total volatile fatty acid production of group C increased by 9.82%,5.16%,and 4.13%compared with the control group,group A,and group B,respectively;The concentration of propionic acid in group B increased by 22.90%,19.71%,and 17.43%compared with the control group,group A,and group C,respectively.In summary,adding 67%silage corn straw to the diet as roughage was more suitable,with the lowest methane production and less energy loss,and could improve its digestibility.

关 键 词：肉牛 青贮玉米秸秆 羊草 甲烷 挥发性脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]