黄土塬区不同土地利用类型下土壤抗剪强度对强降雨的响应  

Response of soil shear strength to heavy rainfall under different land use types on Loess Tableland

作　　者：赵珊 许阳光 郭文召 杨硕[4] 罗丽 ZHAO Shan;XU Yangguang;GUO Wenzhao;YANG Shuo;LUO Li(The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling 712100,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100 [5]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第4期108-115,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42277346);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-QN-0361);长江科学院开放研究基金资助项目(CKWV20231185/KY);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2452023071)。

摘　　要：为研究黄土塬区不同土地利用类型下土壤抗剪强度对强降雨的响应,该研究采用微型十字板剪切仪在草地、林地、果园、农地测定了雨季前和强降雨后的土壤抗剪强度。研究表明:1)农地和果园土壤含水量对强降雨响应较大,雨后其表层土壤含水量分别为雨前的7.57和6.06倍;林地和草地响应较小,雨后含水量分别为雨前的3.15和1.65倍;林地和草地响应较小,增幅分别为3.15和1.65倍。2)雨季前林地和果园的土壤抗剪强度较高,草地次之,农地的抗剪强度最弱。强降雨后草地、林地的抗剪强度较高,果园次之,农地的抗剪强度最低。3)强降雨后,0~60 cm土层草地抗剪强度减小的幅度最小,为8.76%;果园抗剪强度减小幅度最大,为40.46%。研究结果可为黄土高原生态建设高质量发展提供科学依据。Vegetation coverage has increased significantly since the implementation of the Green for Grain Project in the Loess Plateau.Vegetation restoration can also play a positive role in the slope stability and soil erosion resistance.The soil and water conservation can then enhance the shear strength in the surface soil via root systems.The purpose of this study is to explore the soil shear strength under different vegetation types in the Loess Plateau.Vegetation types were then clarified in the sensitivity of shear strength to water conservation.The soil shear strength before and after rainfall was measured by micro-cross plate shear apparatus.Four types of land use were selected as the forestland,grassland,farmland and orchard(with 9 repeated measurements per soil depth).The samples were collected to measure the content of soil moisture before and after rainfall(with 3 repeated measurements per soil depth).The results showed that:1)The response of soil moisture content to the heavy rainfall was varied in the different types of land use.Among them,there was the more intense response of farmland and orchard to the rainfall.The surface soil moisture content after rainfall was 7.57 and 6.06 times that of before rainfall,respectively.In contrast,there was the small response of forestland and grassland to the rainfall,and the soil moisture content after rainfall was 3.15 and 1.65 times that of before rainfall,respectively.2)The soil shear strength was relatively high in the forestland and orchard before the rainy season,followed by the grassland,and the farmland was the lowest.After heavy rainfall,the shear strength of grassland and forestland remained relatively high,with the orchard next,while the farmland also shared the lowest.3)Among various types of land use,the grassland exhibited the smallest increase in the moisture content ratio and the lowest proportion of shear strength reduction.While the orchard and farmland showed the large decrease in the shear strength with the increase in the moisture content.The average

关 键 词：土壤 黄土高原 植被恢复 抗剪强度 含水量 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]