基于气象因子日效应的稻米品质评价方法  

Method for evaluating rice quality based on the daily effect of meteorological factors

作　　者：岳伟 陈曦[1,2] 曹强 陶杰 阮新民 YUE Wei;CHEN Xi;CAO Qiang;TAO Jie;RUAN Xinmin(Anhui Agricultural Meteorological Center,Hefei 230031,China;Anhui Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Science and Satellite Remote Sensing,Hefei 230031,China;Meteorological Bureau of Lu'an City,Lu'an,237000,China;Shouxian National Climatically Observatory,Shouxian 232200,China;Institute of Rice Research,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业气象中心,合肥230031 [2]安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室,合肥230031 [3]六安市气象局,六安237000 [4]寿县国家气候观象台,寿县232200 [5]安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第4期116-123,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(2208085UQ06);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301304);安徽省气象局创新发展专项(CXQ202302)。

摘　　要：为明确环境气象条件对稻米品质形成的影响,该研究利用安徽省2008—2021年中籼和中粳水稻区域性试验稻米品质资料和对应逐日气象资料,采用相关分析、计算机数值模拟、回归分析等方法,明确了中籼和中粳稻米品质形成关键期具体时间,构建了基于气象因子日效应的中籼和中粳稻米品质评价模型,并对模型进行了回代检验和验证。结果表明:中籼和中粳稻米品质形成关键期分别为齐穗至齐穗后31和35 d。中籼稻米品质形成的最适日平均气温为24.5℃,最适日辐射和气温日较差分别为>15.2 MJ/m^(2)和>12.1℃。中粳稻米品质形成的最适日平均气温为22.7℃,最适日辐射和气温日较差分别为>14.7 MJ/m^(2)和>10.9℃。中籼稻米优质一等、二等、三等和普通等级对应的综合气象指数(y_(c1))分别为:y_(c1)≥28.35、26.87≤y_(c1)<28.35、25.12≤y c1<26.87和y_(c1)<25.12。中粳稻米优质一等、二等、三等和普通等级对应的综合气象指数(y_(c2))分别为:y_(c2)≥30.31、28.88≤y_(c2)<30.31、26.89≤y_(c2)<28.88和y_(c2)<26.89。经验证,该研究构建的中籼和中粳稻米品质评价模型回代平均准确率分别为72.3%和78.7%,模拟检验准确率分别为72.2%和73.3%,总体上可用于定量化评价气象条件对稻米品质的影响。该研究可为合理利用区域气候资源提升稻米品质提供理论依据。Rice is one of the important food crops in Asian areas.High-quality rice can be cultivated as a pivotal direction for the advancement of the rice industry.Environmental meteorological conditions can represent a significant influencing factor in the formation of rice quality.Consequently,this study aims to elucidate the suitable meteorological parameters for high-quality rice.A quantitative evaluation model of rice quality was constructed using meteorological factors.Regional climatic resources were fully utilized to enhance the quality of rice.The daily meteorological data was collected from the regional trials in Anhui Province,China,from 2008 to 2021.The mid-season indica and japonica rice varieties were taken as the research materials.The parameters of rice quality were also collected,including the head rice yield,chalkiness,transparency,alkali spreading value,gel consistency,and amylose content.The meteorological data included the average daily air temperature(℃),the maximum air temperature(℃),the minimum air temperature(℃),and radiation(MJ/m^(2)).The meteorological index was constructed to comprehensively influence the rice quality.The quality of indica and japonica rice was also evaluated using the daily impact of meteorological factors.A correlation analysis,computer numerical simulation,and regression analysis were employed to validate the model.The data was also taken from the staged sowing trials conducted in Lujiang County in 2018,Chizhou City in 2023,and Hefei City in 2023.The results showed that:The critical period for the formation of rice quality was 31 and 35d after the full-heading date for the mid-season indica and japonica rice,respectively.The optimum daily mean temperature for the formation of mid-season indica rice quality was 24.5℃.The optimum daily radiation and daily range in temperature were more than 15.2 MJ/m^(2) and 12.1℃higher,respectively.In the formation of the quality of mid-season japonica rice,the optimum daily mean temperature was 22.7℃,and the optimum daily radiati

关 键 词：稻米品质 气温 辐射 日较差 评价模型 

分 类 号：S162.1[农业科学—农业气象学]