PBAT基生物降解地膜在紫外与水环境中的性能演变  

Evolution of the performance of PBAT-based biodegradable mulch films in ultra-violet and water environment

作　　者：严旎娜 郑志雨 徐锐 张金凯 汪敏[1] 蒋希芝 徐磊[1] YAN Nina;ZHENG Zhiyu;XU Rui;ZHANG Jinkai;WANG Min;JIANG Xizhi;XU Lei(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Biomass Composites and Addictive Manufacturing,Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipments,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部长江中下游设施农业工程重点实验室,江苏省生物质复合材料与增材制造技术工程研究中心,江苏省农业科学院农业设施与装备研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第4期239-248,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2023YFD2302500);国家自然科学基金项目(32272009,22208134);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2023850)。

摘　　要：为探寻生物降解地膜在不同环境中的性能演变规律,该研究以聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/聚碳酸亚丙酯/助剂(biodegradable mulch films-1,BDM1)及聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/聚碳酸亚丙酯/小麦秸秆/助剂(biodegradable mulch films-2,BDM2)为原料的生物降解地膜为研究对象,详细考察两种地膜在紫外辐照与常温去离子水浸泡环境下力学性能与水汽阻隔性能的演变规律,并通过微观形貌、傅里叶红外与X射线衍射分析等对地膜的降解过程进行解析。结果表明:BDM1与BDM2在0.77 W/m^(2)的紫外辐照和常温去离子水浸泡环境下均会发生力学性能与水汽阻隔性能的退化,其退化程度受累计辐照强度与浸泡时间影响显著。与紫外辐照老化过程相比,水浸环境下生物降解地膜的力学性能与水汽阻隔性能退化相对缓慢。少量秸秆添加尽管可以增强生物降解地膜的抗紫外与抗水解老化性能,延缓地膜力学性能退化,但对水汽阻隔性能的衰减却没有明显作用。聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯分子结构的变化是地膜老化过程中力学性能与水汽阻隔性能退化的主要原因。该结果可为面向不同场景的生物降解地膜“量体裁衣”提供理论参考。This study aims to investigate the evolution of PBAT-based biodegradable mulch films in different environments.The research objects were selected as the biodegradable mulch films with the raw materials of PBAT/PPC/additives(BDM1)and PBAT/PPC/wheat straws/additives(BDM2).Their mechanical and water vapor barrier properties were investigated with ultra-violet(UV)irradiation and deionized water(DW)immersion.The degradation process of biodegradable mulch films was characterized by microscopic morphologies,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and X-ray diffraction.The results showed that both mechanical and water vapor barrier properties deteriorated under both UV and DW environments,while the rate of deterioration was greatly influenced by the cumulative irradiation intensity and the immersion duration.Compared with the films under 0.77 W/m^(2) UV irradiation,the films that were immersed in DW exhibited a relatively lower deterioration rate of the mechanical and water vapor barrier performance.The tensile strength loss of BDM in both machine direction(MD)and transverse direction(TD)exceeded 85%with 320 h(equal to 5.40 kJ)UV irradiation and 77%after immersing in DW for 165 d.Meantime,the WVP after 320 h UV irradiation was 2.64 and 3.85 times that of the original BDM1 and BDM2.While the WVP value after 165 d immersion was 2.22 and 3.48 times that of original BDM1 and BDM2,respectively.The FT-IR results confirmed that the degradation rate of methylene in the biodegradable mulch films was slightly lower than that of ester groups during UV irradiation.During DW immersion,the hydrolysis rate of ester groups in the films was first lower than that of methylene groups,and then the hydrolysis of the ester groups was promoted and faster than the degradation rate of methylene groups.At the same time,the addition of a small amount of wheat straws greatly contributed to the films with a slightly delayed regression of mechanical properties.The reason was resulted from the enhanced UV-and hydrolysis-resistance properties.The maxim

关 键 词：PBAT 生物降解地膜 小麦秸秆 老化 性能演变 水汽阻隔 

分 类 号：S626.2[农业科学—园艺学]