二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇技术现状及催化剂研究进展  

Technical status of carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol and research progress of catalysts

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作  者:何聂燕 李学琴 刘鹏[1] 陈卓 郑宾国[5] 雷廷宙 HE Nieyan;LI Xueqin;LIU Peng;CHEN Zhuo;ZHENG Binguo;LEI Tingzhou(Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green,Safe,and High Value Utilization Technology,Institute of Urban and Rural Mines,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;School of Environmental Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Institute for Carbon Neutrality,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Management and Economics,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Changzhou 450046,China)

机构地区:[1]常州大学城乡矿山研究院常州市生物质绿色安全高值利用技术重点实验室,江苏常州213164 [2]河南工业大学环境工程学院,郑州450001 [3]河南工业大学碳中和研究院,河南郑州450001 [4]华北水利水电大学管理与经济学院,河南郑州450046 [5]郑州航空工业管理学院土木建筑学院,河南郑州450046

出  处:《洁净煤技术》2025年第2期198-206,共9页Clean Coal Technology

基  金:江苏省科技创新专项资助项目(BE2022426)。

摘  要:化石燃料燃烧排放大量的温室气体,研究CO_(2)减排与利用已成为世界性关注的热点和急需解决的问题。以CO_(2)为原料合成甲醇是大规模实现低碳减排和清洁能源再生产的有效路径。然而,CO_(2)转化高附加值产品的过程仍存在反应活性位点不清晰、催化剂成本高等技术难题。以CO_(2)为原料转化为高附加值化学品的合成路线为切入点,重点介绍了CO_(2)加氢合成甲醇的技术路线及发展现状,总结了甲醇合成过程中影响其选择性的因素;发现催化剂是影响CO_(2)加氢制甲醇工艺过程的重要影响因素之一;进一步比较了不同催化剂的特性,尤其铜基催化剂对合成高产率及高纯度的甲醇具有较好的催化活性;最后,详细分析了铜基催化剂在甲醇合成中的机理及存在的问题;探讨了铜基催化剂活性中心的存在形式,从活性组分、载体、助剂3个方面分析了催化剂活性、选择性及稳定性的变化规律,展望了CO_(2)加氢合成甲醇技术的发展方向,以期为CO_(2)加氢制甲醇所用高活性、低成本的铜基催化剂制备和筛选提供理论参考。The combustion of fossil fuels emits a large amount of greenhouse gases.The study of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission reduction and utilization has become a hot spot of worldwide concern and an urgent problem to be solved.The synthesis of methanol from CO_(2) is an effective way to achieve large-scale low-carbon emission reduction and clean energy reproduction.However,there are still some technical problems in the process of CO_(2) conversion of high value-added products,such as unclear reaction active sites and high catalyst cost.This paper takes the synthesis route of CO_(2) as raw material into high value-added chemicals as the starting point,introducing the technical route and development status of methanol synthesis from CO_(2) hydrogenation,and summarizes the factors affecting its selectivity in methanol synthesis process.It is found that catalyst is one of the important factors affecting the process of CO_(2) hydrogenation to methanol and further compares the characteristics of different catalysts.In particular,copper-based catalysts have good catalytic activity for the synthesis of high yield and high purity methanol.Finally,it analyzes the mechanism and existing problems of copper-based catalysts in methanol synthesis in detail,and the changes in the activity,selectivity and stability of the catalyst were analyzed from three aspects:Active components,carriers and additives.In order to provide a theoretical reference for the preparation and screening of copper-based catalysts with high activity and low cost for CO_(2) hydrogenation to methanol,it also analyzes respectively the effects of active components,supports and additives on the activity,selectivity and stability of the catalysts.

关 键 词:二氧化碳 清洁利用 催化剂 甲醇 发展现状 

分 类 号:TQ223[化学工程—有机化工] TQ426

 

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