兰州市2017—2023年婚前医学检查趋势及空间聚集性特征分析  

Analysis of trends and spatial clustering characteristics of pre-marital medical examinations in Lanzhou city from 2017 to 2023

作　　者：潘丽 梁芳[1] 王春萍[1] 侯少莹 李萍[1] PAN Li;LIANG Fang;WANG Chunping;HOU Shaoying;LI Yanping(Lanzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州市妇幼保健院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2025年第1期243-247,共5页Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity

基　　金：兰州市卫生健康行业项目(A2024049);兰州市科技计划项目(2022-3-57)。

摘　　要：目的通过分析兰州市2017—2023年婚前医学检查趋势及空间聚集性特征,为全市下一步做好出生缺陷一级防控工作提供一定的科学依据。方法收集全国妇幼卫生年报中《婚前保健年报》数据,分析全市婚前医学检查率、疾病检出率及不同性别下疾病检出情况,采用Geoda软件对婚前医学检查水平进行全局自相关和空间局部自相关分析。结果全市2017—2023年婚前医学平均检查率21.70%,且呈逐年升高趋势(χ^(2)=2004.735,P<0.000);疾病平均检出率为4.00%,呈波动性升高趋势(χ^(2)=102.97,P<0.001);检出疾病以生殖系统疾病和指定传染病为主,男性疾病检出占比明显低于女性。2017—2023年全市婚检情况存在空间负相关,但差异均无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论兰州市婚前医学检查率较低,下一步需要继续加强社会宣传引导和健康科普力度,同时要加强民政、卫生行政部门之间的沟通协调共同创建一站式婚育服务模式,做好出生缺陷的一级防控工作。Objective To analyze the trend and spatial clustering characteristics of prenatal medical examination in Lanzhou from 2017 to 2023,and provide certain scientific basis for the next step of birth defect primary prevention work in the city.Methods The data of“prenatal health annual report”in the National Maternal and Child Health Annual Report were collected and analyzed to analyze the average prenatal medical examination rate,disease detection rate and disease detection rate of different genders in Lanzhou.The prenatal medical examination level was analyzed by global and local spatial autocorrelation using Geoda software.Results The average prenatal medical examination rate in Lanzhou from 2017 to 2023 was 21.70%,and it showed an increasing trend year by year(F=2004.735,P<0.000);the average disease detection rate was 4.00%,and it showed an upward trend year by year(F=102.97,P<0.001);the diseases detected were mainly reproductive system diseases and designated infectious diseases,and the disease detection rate of men was significantly lower than that of women.There was a spatial negative correlation in prenatal examination in Lanzhou from 2017 to 2023,but the differences were all statistically insignificant(P<0.05).Conclusion The prenatal medical examination rate in Lanzhou city is low,and the next step is to continue to strengthen social publicity and health publicity efforts.At the same time,it is necessary to strengthen communication and coordination between the civil affairs and health administrative departments to create a one-stop marriage and childbirth service model and do a good job in the primary prevention of birth defects.

关 键 词：婚检率 疾病检出 出生缺陷防控 空间聚集性 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]