数字PCR技术在动物疫病检测中的应用  

Application of digital PCR technology in animals epidemic disease detection

作　　者：孟晓琴[1,2] 赵淑娟 张晓霞 MENG Xiaoqin;ZHAO Shujuan;ZHANG Xiaoxia(College of Veterinary Medicine,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Lanzhou Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Lanzhou Gansu 730050,China;Technology Center of Lanzhou Customs,Lanzhou Gansu 730010,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州市动物疫病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730050 [3]兰州海关技术中心,甘肃兰州730010

出　　处：《中兽医医药杂志》2025年第2期54-59,共6页Journal of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：兰州市科技计划项目(2023-3-15);海关总署科研项目(2024HK068)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着纳米技术和微流体技术的进步,数字PCR(dPCR)技术逐渐突破瓶颈,展现出快速发展的趋势。dPCR通过将反应体系分割为数万个微小独立反应单元,实现核酸模板的绝对定量分析,具有无需标准曲线、对抑制剂耐受性高、灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好等显著优势。目前,dPCR在猪、牛、羊、禽等动物疫病检测中展现出应用潜力,能够检测早期感染或混合感染,支持流行病学研究,监测治疗效果,并实现病原体核酸浓度的绝对定量分析。然而,与qPCR相比,dPCR在寄生虫病检测中的灵敏度和准确性有待进一步提高。另外,高成本也在一定程度上限制了dPCR技术的大规模推广应用。随着技术的进一步发展和检测成本的降低,dPCR有望在临床诊断、流行病学研究和无症状携带病原动物的识别等领域发挥更重要的作用。In recent years,with the advancement of technology,digital PCR(dPCR)is an emerging technology with absolute quantification of target nucleic acids through portioning the reaction mixture into thousands of tiny independent reaction units.dPCR has several advantages like trace DNA detection,high tolerance to inhibitors,high sensitivity and specificity,and good repeatability.Currently,dPCR also present potential applications in the detecting of animal diseases such as detection of early or mixed infections,monitoring of the treatment effects,and absolute quantification of pathogen DNA concentration.Compared with qPCR,the sensitivity and accuracy of dPCR in parasite detection needs to be further improved.Moreover,the high cost also limits the large-scale promotion and application of dPCR technology to a certain extent.However,with the further development of dPCR technology and the reduction of detection costs,dPCR is expected to play a more important role in clinical diagnosis,epidemiological research,and the identification of asymptomatic pathogen detection in animals.

关 键 词：数字PCR技术 动物疫病诊断 定量检测 猪 牛 羊 禽 

分 类 号：S854.4[农业科学—临床兽医学]