国内长期照护护理队伍建设现行政策分析  

Textual studies of domestic long-term care nursing workforce policies from the perspective of policy tools

作　　者：朱雨涵 李文佳 祝雪花 ZHU Yuhan;LI Wenjia;ZHU Xuehua

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学护理学院,杭州市310053

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2025年第6期729-735,共7页Chinese Journal of Nursing

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2024KY1188)。

摘　　要：目的探讨2008年1月-2024年6月国内长期照护护理队伍建设现行政策,分析现行政策工具的偏好方向与结构比例,以期为后续政策的制订及体系优化提供参考。方法基于McDonnell&Elmore政策工具与队伍建设要素构建二维分析框架,对国内长期照护护理队伍建设相关政策进行编码整理与量化分析。结果最终纳入63篇政策文件,对355条政策进行分析整理。政策工具类型维度中命令性工具、激励性工具、能力建设工具、权威重组工具、劝告工具所占比例分别为48.45%、11.55%、5.35%、11.27%、23.38%。队伍建设要素维度中岗位管理、教育培训、权利保障、任职聘用、专业发展所占比例分别为27.04%、22.25%、11.27%、10.70%和28.73%。结论目前国内长期照护背景下涉及护理队伍建设的政策工具存在应用不均衡、条目多为目标规划的情况,建议不断优化各类政策工具比例关系,切实保障政策细节的落实。长期照护护理队伍体系建设有待完善,护理人员权利保障有待增强,应制订具体可行、特色化且有针对性的策略。Objective To explore the status quo of domestic long-term care nursing team construction policy in January 2008—June 2024,analyze the favored direction and structure proportion of existing policy tools,so as to provide references for the follow-up policy and system optimization.Methods Based on McDonnell&Elmore policy tools and construction elements to two-dimensional analysis framework,the coding policy arrangement and quantitative analysis were conducted on the related policies of long-term care nursing team construction.Results Finally,63 policy documents were included,and the 355 pieces of policy were analyzed.In the policy instrument dimension,the proportions of mandate tools,incentive tools,capacity building tools,authority reorganization tools,and counseling tools were 48.45%,11.55%,5.35%,11.27%,and 23.38%,respectively.Team-building dimension in the post management,education training,rights management,post employment,professional development,respectively accounted for 27.04%,22.25%,11.27%,10.70%and 28.73%.Conclusion At present,there is uneven application of the policy tools related to nursing team building in the context of long-term care in China,and most of the entries are for goal planning.It is recommended that the ratio of the various policy tools should be optimised continuously,so as to ensure that the details of the policies are effectively implemented.The construction of the long-term care nursing team system needs to be improved,and the protection of the rights of nursing staff needs to be strengthened;specific,feasible,special and targeted strategies should be formulated.

关 键 词：政策工具 队伍建设 长期照护 文本分析 护理管理研究 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]