95987例住院患者血小板抗体筛查临床价值分析  

Analysis of clinical value of platelet antibody screening in 95987 inpatients

作　　者：陈萍[1] 孙杨[2] 褚晓月 田芬芳 杨颖群 王文华[2] 牛佳萌 赵柏雅 常婧妍 杨江存[2] 马超锋 CHEN Ping;SUN Yang;CHU Xiaoyue;TIAN Fenfang;YANG Yingqun;WANG Wenhua;NIU Jiameng;ZHAO Boya;CHANG Jingyan;YANG Jiangcun;MA Chaofeng(Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046;Department of Blood Transfusion,Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital,Xi’an 710068;Shaanxi Blood Center,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学,陕西咸阳712046 [2]陕西省人民医院输血科,陕西西安710068 [3]陕西省血液中心,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《细胞与分子免疫学杂志》2025年第2期143-147,共5页Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目资助(2024SF-YBXM-272)。

摘　　要：目的分析血小板抗体在住院患者中的分布情况,探讨血小板抗体检测的临床意义。方法收集2021-04-01/2023-12-31西安地区某三级医院住院患者95987例,采用固相凝集法检测血小板抗体。对其在性别、年龄、血型、科室、输血史、妊娠史及疾病类型等方面进行统计分析。结果95987例住院患者中,血小板抗体检测阳性率达4.35%,女性住院患者血小板抗体阳性率(5.29%)高于男性患者(3.31%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=224.124)。有妊娠史的血小板抗体阳性率(7.92%)高于无妊娠史(4.19%),差异显著(χ^(2)=292.773);同样,有输血史血小板抗体阳性率(7.79%)高于无输血史(3.97%),差异显著(χ^(2)=300.209)。血小板抗体阳性率与妊娠次数呈现显著相关性(χ^(2)=91.061)。结论95987例住院患者血小板抗体阳性率为4.35%,血小板抗体阳性率与输血史及妊娠史有着密切关系,并随着妊娠次数的增加而增加,对于有多次输血史及妊娠史的患者来说,血小板抗体筛查具有重要的诊断价值。Objective To analyze the distribution of platelet antibodies in hospitalized patients and explore the clinical significance of platelet antibody detection.Methods A total of 95987 hospitalized patient cases from a tertiary hospital in Xi’an from April 1,2021 to December 31,2023 were collected.Platelet antibodies were detected by solid-phase agglutination method.Statistical analysis was performed on variables including gender,age,blood type,department,history of blood transfusion,pregnancy history,and disease type.Results Among 95987 hospitalized patients,the positive rate of platelet antibody detection reached 4.35%.The positive rate of platelet antibodies in female hospitalized patients(5.29%)was higher than that in male patients(3.31%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=224.124).The positive rate of platelet antibodies in those with pregnancy history(7.92%)was higher than that in those without pregnancy history(4.19%),and the difference was significant(χ^(2)=292.773).Similarly,the positive rate of platelet antibodies in those with transfusion history(7.79%)was higher than that in those without transfusion history(3.97%),and the difference was significant(χ^(2)=300.209).There was a significant correlation between the positive rate of platelet antibodies and the number of pregnancies(χ^(2)=91.061).Conclusion The positive rate of platelet antibodies in 95987 inpatient cases was 4.35%.The positive rate of platelet antibodies had a close relationship with a history of blood transfusions and pregnancies,and it increased with the number of pregnancies.For patients with multiple transfusion histories and pregnancy histories,screening for platelet antibodies holds significant diagnostic value.

关 键 词：血小板抗体 血小板输注无效 住院患者 

分 类 号：R331.143[医药卫生—人体生理学]