当代资本主义银行业危机探赜——基于虚拟资本视角  

An Investigation of the Crisis of Contemporary Capitalist Banking from the Perspective of Virtual Capital

作　　者：朱方明[1] 曾钰婷 Zhu Fangming;Zeng Yuting

机构地区：[1]四川大学经济学院

出　　处：《世界社会主义研究》2025年第2期99-109,M0006,共12页World Socialism Studies

摘　　要：理解当代资本主义银行业危机问题,亟须重新审视作为核心的“虚拟资本”范畴。随着竞争的加剧和信用体系的多元化、复杂化,虚拟资本获得了生息资本以外的、在深度和广度上的扩张性创造。虽然虚拟资本可以依赖投机活动取得半自主性,但长期来看,金融并没有获得独立于生产的、自行增殖的利润来源。虚拟资本的危机潜藏于生产与投机的双重属性中,必然引致实业资本与金融资本的对抗性积累,这对于探寻金融脆弱性与不稳定性的成因至关重要。以近期美国银行业的动荡为例,当代资本主义银行业危机表面上是虚拟资本扩张的结果,本质上是生产相对过剩和资本过剩的延伸,其根源在于资本主义基本矛盾。To understand the crisis of contemporary capitalist banking,it is essential to re-examine the core concept of"virtual capital".With the intensification of competition and the diversification and complexity of the credit system,virtual capital has achieved creative expansion in both depth and breadth beyond merely interest-generating capital.Although virtual capital can rely on speculative activities to attain a quasi-autonomy,in the long run,finance has not gained an independent source of profit that reproduces itself outside of the realm of production.The crisis of virtual capital lies in its dual properties of production and speculation,inevitably leading to the confrontation between accumulation of industrial capital and that of financial capital.This recognition is crucial for exploring the causes of financial fragility and instability.Taking the recent turmoil in the US banking sector as an example,the crisis in contemporary capitalist banking appears to be a result of the expansion of virtual capital;however,it is essentially an extension of relative overproduction and capital surplus rooted in the fundamental contradictions of capitalism.

关 键 词：虚拟资本 银行资产虚拟化 资本主义银行业危机 资本主义基本矛盾 

分 类 号：F83[经济管理—金融学]