矽卡岩矿床模型研究  

Research on skarn deposit models

作　　者：谢桂青[1,2] 纪云昊 吴晓林 李伟[2] 朱乔乔[1] 张志远 XIE Guiqing;JI Yunhao;WU Xiaolin;LI Wei;ZHU Qiaoqiao;ZHANG Zhiyuan(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resources Assessment,MNR/Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Key Laboratory for Exploration Theory&Technology of Critical Mineral Resources MNR,Beijing 100083,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Strategic Critical Mineral Resources,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所/自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [2]中国地质大学(北京)自然资源部战略性金属矿产找矿理论与技术重点实验室,北京100083 [3]河北地质大学河北省战略性关键矿产资源重点实验室,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《地质通报》2025年第2期201-219,共19页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金项目《矿床学》(编号:41925011);国家重大研究计划重点支持项目《氧化性富金斑岩-矽卡岩矿床碲、硒富集机制——以长江中下游九瑞、鄂东南矿集区为例》(编号:92162217)。

摘　　要：【研究目的】矽卡岩矿床是地壳中最丰富的矿床类型之一,是中国多数成矿区带的主攻找矿类型之一。矿床模型不仅用于刻画成矿理论,而且可以用于指导找矿勘查,是评价未发现矿床的重要技术方法,因此,矽卡岩矿床的矿床模型一直受到高度关注,但系统总结近年研究进展相对薄弱。【研究方法】全面收集国内外矽卡岩矿床的资料,结合笔者长达20余年的研究成.果,综合分析矽卡岩矿床模型的研究进展。【研究结果】叙述全球矽卡岩矿床的研究历史和主要类型,总结矽卡岩矿床的矿物组合和分带模式及其控制因素,综述与斑岩有关的矽卡岩铜多金属矿床、远成矽卡岩矿床和交代火成岩矽卡岩矿床的研究现状。以中国长江中下游和江南造山带中段湘中地区矽卡岩矿床为对象,从成矿系统角度,构建氧化性矽卡岩铜铁金矿床组合模型和还原性矽卡岩钨金锑矿床组合模型。【结论】两组成矿系统矿床模型拓宽了找矿方向,展望了矽卡岩矿床模型未来研究方向,为新一轮找矿突破战略行动提供借鉴和参考。[Objective]Skarn deposits are one of the most abundant types of ore deposit in the Earth's crust and are a major target for mineral exploration in many metallogenic belts across China.Deposit models serve as graphical representations of metallogenic theories and as indispensable tools for guiding exploration efforts and assessing undiscovered mineral resources.Therefore,the deposit model of skarn deposits has received significant attention.However,systematic summaries of recent research progress are relatively limited.[Methods]A comprehensive collection of domestic and international data on skarn deposits is undertaken,combined with the author’s over 20 years of research,to analyze the progress of research on skarn deposit models.[Results]The study outlines the global research history and primary types of skarn deposits,summarizes their mineral assemblages,zoning patterns,and controlling factors,and reviews the current state of research on skarn copper-polymetallic deposits associated with porphyry systems,distal skarn deposits,and those formed by the alteration of igneous rocks.This study uses skarn deposits from the Middle to Lower Yangtze River region and the middle section of the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt in China as a case study to develop two metallogenic models:an oxidative skarn copper-iron-gold deposit model and a reductive skarn tungsten-gold-antimony deposit model.[Conclusions]These two metallogenic system deposit models broaden the direction of mineral exploration,provide insights into future research on skarn deposit models,and offer references for breakthroughs in exploration strategies.

关 键 词：矽卡岩矿床 矿物组合 分带模式 矿床模型 成矿系统 

分 类 号：P588.312[天文地球—岩石学]