中国锂资源供需现状与资源保障程度研究  

The supply and demand status and resource guarantee degree of lithium in China

作　　者：文佳豪 代鸿章 陈翠华[1] 李鑫[3] 刘善宝[2] 王成辉[2] 高原[1] WEN Jiahao;DAI Hongzhang;CHEN Cuihua;LI Xin;LIU Shanbao;WANG Chenghui;GAO Yuan(School of Earth and Planetary Sciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,Sichuan,China;MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球与行星科学学院,四川成都610059 [2]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [3]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质通报》2025年第2期245-258,共14页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划《我国西部伟晶岩型锂等稀有金属成矿规律与勘查技术》(编号:2021YFC2901900,2021YFC2901905);中国地质调查局项目《战略新兴产业矿产地质调查工程》(编号:DD20230034);《锂铍铌钽等战略新兴矿产调查与潜力评价工程》(编号:DD20230055);《中国矿产地质志》(编号:DD20221695)。

摘　　要：【研究目的】锂作为一种具有战略价值的新兴关键金属矿产,近年来越发受到世界各国的广泛关注。本文分析中国锂资源供需现状及保障程度,为保障中国锂资源安全提供依据。【研究方法】本次研究全面梳理了中国锂资源的特征、勘查研究进展和开发利用情况,结合国内锂资源供给与需求形势、进出口情况,分析了中国锂资源供需现状、未来需求和保障程度,并就当前勘查形势提出建议。【研究结果】总的来说,当前中国锂资源相当丰富,近年来随着勘查程度的不断加大,锂资源储量得以提升,但锂资源禀赋较差,部分优质锂资源未得到充分开发利用。近年来随着新能源汽车行业的迅猛发展,作为全球第一大锂资源消费国和重要的锂产品生产国,国内锂资源供给与需求快速增长。中国长期依赖国外进口锂矿,对外依存度较高,供应体系面临一定风险,保障形势较严峻,同时锂产业链仍存在产业秩序不规范、回收体系不完备等问题。【结论】未来需加强科技创新,注重上游资源向下游高端产品的应用转化,优化锂产业链布局,加强国内勘查开发力度,将重心放在国内市场,同时国际市场依然不能放弃,实现国内国际市场协同开发。[Objective]Lithium,an emerging key metal mineral of strategic value,has garnered increasing attention from countries worldwide in recent years.This paper aims to analyze the supply-demand situation and guarantee degree of lithium resources in China,with the goal of ensuring the secure supply of lithium resources in the country.[Methods]This study undertakes a comprehensive and systematic collation of the inherent characteristics of lithium resources in China,the advancements in exploration and research endeavors,as well as the development and utilization status of lithium resources.By integrating and meticulously analyzing the domestic supply-demand dynamics of lithium resources,along with the import-export scenarios,it delves into the current supply-demand configuration,future demand projections,and the degree of resource security assurance.Based on this in-depth analysis,targeted suggestions are proffered to address the existing situation,aiming to provide practical guidance for policy-making and industrial development.[Results]Overall,China currently possesses a relatively abundant reserve of lithium resources.With the continuous intensification of exploration activities in recent years,the proven lithium resource reserves in China have witnessed a notable expansion.Nevertheless,the endowment of lithium resources in China exhibits certain deficiencies.Specifically,some high-quality lithium resources remain under-explored and under-utilized,mainly due to technological constraints and complex geological conditions.In recent years,propelled by the burgeoning development of the new-energy vehicle industry,as the world’s largest consumer of lithium resources and a significant producer of lithium-based products,the domestic supply and demand of lithium resources have experienced a rapid upsurge.China has long been highly dependent on imported lithium ore,with a high degree of external reliance.This situation exposes the domestic supply system to certain risks,and the resource security guarantee situation is rather

关 键 词：资源储量 锂矿 产量 供需现状 保障程度 

分 类 号：P618.71[天文地球—矿床学]