灵芝优良品种全基因组分子标记的建立  

Establishment of molecular makers in the whole genome of Ganoderma lingzhi elite varieties

作　　者：刘逸婷 蒋晓涵 杨春艳 陈健辉 王车昭 吕晓萌 杨治康 邓优锦[1] 吴小平[1] LIU Yiting;JIANG Xiaohan;YANG Chunyan;CHEN Jianhui;WANG Chezhao;LÜXiaomeng;YANG Zhikang;DENG Youjin;WU Xiaoping(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350012,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福建福州350012

出　　处：《菌物学报》2025年第3期37-49,共13页Mycosystema

基　　金：福建省科技重大专项(2022NZ029015)。

摘　　要：灵芝Ganodorma lingzhi的优良品种灵芝13具有农艺性状较好、子实体产量较高、孢子粉产量较高的优良性状。本研究首先以其单核菌株灵芝13-5为材料,通过三代HiFi测序及Hi-C测序组装成完整的基因组;然后选取5个重复的双核菌株通过Illumina高通量测序后,以灵芝13-5基因组作为参考进行SNP calling,建立了基于灵芝13全基因组的分子标记。基因组包含13条染色体,共45.73 Mb。5个重复菌株SNP calling去重合并后,获得319074个共有的异核等位差异位点,作为用于灵芝13菌株鉴别的分子标记库。从实验室菌种库中随机抽取7个灵芝菌株,与灵芝13菌株共有的等位差异位点占比介于22.20%–45.18%之间,远低于阈值,说明这些菌株与灵芝13差异较大,不是相同菌株。本研究建立了基于灵芝13全基因组及其异核等位差异位点的分子标记,能够准确区分灵芝13这一优良品种。Ganoderma lingzhi 13 is an excellent cultivated variety with superior agronomic character.The mononucleate strain,G.lingzhi 13-5,as assembled into a complete genome by three-generation HiFi sequencing and Hi-C sequencing,and five replicated bi-nucleate strains were subjected to high throughput sequencing by Illumina,and then the genome of G.lingzhi 13-5 was used as a reference for SNP calling to establish the molecular markers based on the whole genome of G.lingzhi 13.The genome contains 13 chromosomes with a total of 45.73 Mb.After the SNP calling of five replicate strains were de-emphasized and merged,319074 shared heterokaryotic allelic difference sites were obtained as a molecular marker library for the identification of G.lingzhi 13 strains.Seven post-fruiting strains were randomly selected from the strain library.It was found that the percentage of allelic difference sites of the post-fruiting strains shared with G.lingzhi 13 ranged from 22.20%to 45.18%,being far inferior to threshold value,indicating that these strains were different from G.lingzhi 13 and they were not the same strains.In this study,molecular markers based on the whole genome of G.lingzhi 13 and its heterokaryotic allelic differentiation sites were established,which can accurately differentiate G.lingzhi 13,a superior cultivated variety.

关 键 词：三代HiFi测序 SNP calling 品种鉴别 品种保护 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]