皱皮粗柄白蚁伞子实体和蚁巢的关联物质分析及氨基酸糖类促生作用初探  

Analysis of substances associating Termitomyces robustus fruiting bodies with termite nests and preliminary studies on growth-promoting effect of amino acids and sugars

作　　者：王成凤 刘夏 张曦予 董杰 张实润 杨晓敏 吕为 刘佳艳 李宗菊[3] WANG Chengfeng;LIU Xia;ZHANG Xiyu;DONG Jie;ZHANG Shirun;YANG Xiaomin;LYU Wei;LIU Jiayan;LI Zongju(College of Life Sciences,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;College of Ecolody and Environment,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学生命科学学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南昆明650500 [3]云南大学生态与环境学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《菌物学报》2025年第3期76-100,共25页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560575);云南省自然科学基金(2014FA020)。

摘　　要：白蚁伞为云南名贵野生菌,与白蚁互惠共生于白蚁巢中,其子实体的发育至今仍然是一个难解之谜。为了解白蚁伞子实体与蚁巢的物质流,本文应用液相质谱(LC-MS)技术,对皱皮粗柄白蚁伞Termitomyces robustus子实体及其生长基质蚁巢的代谢物谱进行了分析。子实体(JZ)和蚁巢(YC)中共检测到2023个代谢物,其中JZ特有物质(JZS)284个,YC特有物质(YCS)317个,二者共有显著差异物质(GDS)322个。以相对含量≥0.5的化合物为例,利用Cytoscape(v3.10.0)软件分别展示了43个JZS及YCS中39个物质、29个GDS中19个物质间的显著相关性。KEGG富集到18条共有通路中的40个JZS、YCS及GDS物质,通过氨基酸生物合成及代谢(ABM)、次级代谢产物的生物合成(BSM)及ABC转运3大类通路发生关联。18条通路中,12条与ABM相关,2条与ABC转运中糖代谢相关。选取参与ABM通路的9种氨基酸(苯丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、酪氨酸、脯氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、色氨酸、亮氨酸、谷氨酸)、参与ABC转运的3种糖(蔗糖、山梨醇、海藻糖)及蚁巢水提液对纯培养菌丝体的促生作用研究表明,每升基础培养基中加入0.2–0.6 g 9种复合氨基酸,20 g葡萄糖+5 g蔗糖或山梨醇或海藻糖、50–150 mL蚁巢水提液,对菌丝体的生长都有显著的促进作用;但添加150 mL蚁巢水提液对菌丝的促生效果显著优于复合氨基酸及糖处理组(0.6 g复合氨基酸+20 g葡萄糖+5 g海藻糖)及复合氨基酸处理组(0.6g/L复合氨基酸)。284个JZS、317个YCS及322个GDS,特别是以上98个物质在子实体及蚁巢中显著关联,推测其对白蚁伞子实体的发育有重要的调控作用;复合氨基酸及山梨醇或海藻糖对纯培养菌丝体促生效果显著,但次于蚁巢水提液。以上研究为今后进一步分析与白蚁伞子实体生长发育相关的信号分子,探明白蚁伞与白蚁的共生机理,规模化人工培养白蚁伞等提供了理论依据。Termitomyces robustus is a rare wild fungus in Yunnan,eciprocally symbiotic with termites in termite nests,and the development of its fruiting bodies remains mysterious.In this study liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to analyze the metabolite profiles of T.robustus fruiting bodies and their growth substrate termite nests.In total,2023 metabolites were detected in the fruiting bodies(JZ)and the termite nests(YC),including 284 JZ-specific substances(JZS),317 YC-specific substances(YCS),and 322 common significantly differential substances(GDS).Citing the compounds with relative content≥0.5 as instance,Cytoscape(v3.10.0)software was used to show the significant correlation among 39 substances in 43 JZS and YCS and 19 substances in 29 GDS.A total of 40 JZS,YCS and GDS substances in 18 common pathways was enriched by KEGG,which were associated through three major categories of pathways,ABM(amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism),BSM(biosynthesis of secondary metabolites)and ABC(ATP-binding cassette)transporters.Among the 18 pathways,12 were related to ABM and 2 were related to glucose metabolism in ABC transporters.Nine amino acids(phenylalanine,isoleucine,tyrosine,proline,threonine,valine,tryptophan,leucine,and glutamic acid)involved in the ABM pathway,three sugars(sucrose,sorbitol,and trehalose)involved in ABC transporters,and termite water extract were selected to study the growth-promoting effect of purely cultured T.robustus mycelia,and the results showed that the addition of 0.2-0.6 g 9 complex amino acids,20 g glucose+5 g sucrose or sorbitol or trehalose,and 50-150 mL termite nest water extracts in per liter of basal media significantly promoted the growth of mycelia.However,the promoting effect of adding 150 mL termite nest water extracts on mycelial growth was significantly better than that of complex amino acid and sugar treatment(0.6 g complex amino acid+20 g glucose+5 g trehalose)and compound amino acid treatment(0.6 g complex amino acid).284 JZS,317 YCS and 322 GDS,especially the abo

关 键 词：皱皮粗柄白蚁伞 蚁巢 关联物质 关联通路 复合氨基酸 糖类 促生作用 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]