合肥市空气O_(3)对儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量的影响  

Effects of ozone on emergency room visits of respiratory diseases among children in Hefei City

作　　者：肖长春[1] 余林玲 鄢德瑞 朱昱 XIAO Changchun;YU Linling;YAN Derui;ZHU Yu(Department of Environmental Health,Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230091,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科,安徽合肥230091

出　　处：《山东大学学报(医学版)》2025年第2期95-103,共9页Journal of Shandong University:Health Sciences

基　　金：环境健康风险评估试点项目。

摘　　要：目的探讨合肥市空气O_(3)暴露对儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量影响。方法收集合肥市某儿童医院2017年1月1日至2019年12月31日逐日儿童急诊就诊资料、空气污染物监测资料和气象资料。基于分布滞后非线性模型(distributed lag non-linear model,DLNM)评估不同质量浓度O_(3)对儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量的影响,模型中调整气象因素、时间趋势和星期几等变量。结果研究期间共纳入因儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊153995人次,儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量随O_(3)质量浓度上升而增加。相对于60μg/m^(3),O_(3)质量浓度在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)和P_(95)时儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量单日滞后效应相对危险度(relative risk,RR)及95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)分别为1.004(1.000~1.008)、1.031(1.016~1.045)、1.062(1.037~1.087)和1.084(1.053~1.115),累积滞后效应RR(95%CI)分别为1.009(1.001~1.013)、1.082(1.046~1.119)、1.185(1.112~1.263)和1.244(1.159~1.336)。O_(3)质量浓度对男孩和女孩呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量的影响差异无统计学意义。不同疾病中,P_(25)至P_(95)浓度范围O_(3)对急性上呼吸感染、急性下呼吸道感染及肺炎急诊就诊量影响的单日滞后效应RR分别为1.006~1.072、1.006~1.058和1.005~1.060,累积滞后效应RR分别为1.009~1.223、1.003~1.359和1.017~1.450。结论合肥市空气O_(3)质量浓度升高可能会增加儿童呼吸系统疾病发病风险。Objective To explore the effect of O_(3)exposure on emergency room visits for children with respiratory diseases in Hefei City.Methods Day-by-day data on children's emergency department visits,air pollutant monitoring data and meteorological data were collected from January 12017 to December 312019 at a children's hospital in Hefei City.The effects of different concentrations of O_(3)on children's emergency department visits for respiratory diseases were evaluated based on a distributed lag non-linear model(DLNM),in which the variables such as meteorological factors,temporal trends,and days of the week were adjusted.Results A total of 153,995 emergency room visits for childhood respiratory diseases were included in the study period,and the number of emergency room visits for childhood respiratory diseases increased with the increase of O_(3)concentration.Relative to 60μg/m^(3),the RR(95%CI)values of single-day lag effects of O_(3)concentrations at P_(25),P_(50),P_(75)and P_(95)on emergency room visits of children were 1.004(1.000-1.008),1.031(1.016-1.045),1.062(1.037-1.087)and 1.084(1.053-1.115),respectively,and the RR(95%CI)values of cumulative lag effects were 1.009(1.001-1.013),1.082(1.046-1.119),1.185(1.112-1.263)and 1.244(1.159-1.336),respectively.Effects of O_(3)on emergency room visits for respiratory diseases between boys and girls had no statistically significant different.Among different diseases,the RR values of single-day lag effects of O_(3)at concentrations range of P_(25)to P_(95)on the number of emergency room visits for acute upper respiratory infection,acute lower respiratory infection and pneumonia were 1.006-1.072,1.006-1.058 and 1.005-1.060,and the RR values of cumulative lag effects were 1.009-1.223,1.003-1.359 and 1.017-1.450,respectively.Conclusion Elevated O_(3)concentrations in Hefei City may increase the risk of respiratory diseases in children.

关 键 词：臭氧 儿童 呼吸系统疾病 急诊 分布滞后非线性模型 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]