基于溶解氧量纲分析模型的深水网箱养殖容量研究  

Study on aquaculture capacity of offshore cage aquaculture based on dissolved oxygen dimension analysis model

作　　者：张静[1,2,3] 汤保贵 ZHANG Jing;TANG Baogui(Fisheries college,Guandong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Zhanjiang 524025,China;Research Center of the South China Sea Far Sea Fisheries Management and Fishing Technology of Guangdong Province,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江),广东湛江524025 [3]广东省南海深远海渔业管理与捕捞工程技术研究中心,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报(中英文)》2025年第1期36-43,共8页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江)项目(ZJW-2019-06);十三五海洋经济创新发展示范市建设项目(XM-202008-03)。

摘　　要：在投饵型深水网箱养殖中,水体中氮、磷等营养盐浓度、底质中硫化物含量、水中溶解氧含量等因子都可能成为养殖容量的限制因子。而以氮、磷、底质硫化物等为限制因子的研究都是基于满足环境标准的角度来分析的,从养殖本身来讲,溶解氧的含量往往是控制养殖密度、限制养殖容量的关键因子。基于此目的,本文以溶解氧为限制因子,分析建立了深水网箱养殖的溶解氧量纲分析模型,并以海南后水湾为例,计算了后水湾深水网箱养殖区的卵形鲳鲹养殖容量。结果表明:后水湾深水网箱养殖区卵形鲳鲹的理论网箱养殖容量约为2.25万t,对比现有的产鱼量可以看出后水湾深水网箱养殖区的养殖量已经达到了饱和。根据养殖容量结果和目前网箱养殖规格比例估算的40 m周长和60 m周长养殖数量分别约为2 127口和435口,总数量约为2 562口,可以判断后水湾网箱养殖区网箱养殖数量也已达到了饱和,不宜再进一步发展养殖网箱数量。由于每种方法都有一定的局限性,因此在实际养殖中,保证不超出养殖容量,网箱养殖数量可以根据两种方法的计算结果综合考虑。发展的趋势是逐年淘汰40 m深水网箱,发展大规格网箱,不仅可以降低网箱的养殖数量,还可以根据养殖容量合理调整单箱养殖密度,以获得最大的经济和环境效益。The concentration of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water,sulfide content in sediment and dissolved oxygen content in water may be the limiting factors for aquaculture capacity in baiting type offshore cage aquaculture.However,studies on nitrogen,phosphorus,sulfide content in sediment and other limiting factors are all based on the perspective of meeting environmental standards.From the perspective of aquaculture itself,the content of dissolved oxygen is often the key factor to control aquaculture density and limit aquaculture capacity.For this purpose,A dimension analysis model of dissolved oxygen was established and the aquaculture capacity of Trachinotus ovatus was calculated as an example in Houshui bay offshore cage aquaculture in this paper.The results showed that the theoretical cage culture capacity of Trachinotus ovatus was about 22500 tons.Compared with the existing fish production,it can be seen that the aquaculture capacity has reached saturation in Houshui bay offshore cage aquaculture.According to the results of the aquaculture capacity and the proportion of current cage culture specifications,the estimated number of cages with a circumference of 40 m and 60 m were about 2127 and 435,respectively,and the total number was about 2562 which could be judged that the number of cage culture in Houshui bay has also reached saturation,and it was not suitable to be further developed.Due to the limitations of each method,the aquaculture capacity should not be exceeded in practice,and the number of cage culture could be comprehensively considered according to the calculation results of the two methods.The development trend was to eliminat cages with 40 m circumference year by year and developed large-scale cages,which could not only reduced the number of cage culture,but also reasonably adjusted the density of single cage according to the aquaculture capacity,so as to obtain the maximum economic and environmental benefits.

关 键 词：后水湾 深水网箱 养殖容量 溶解氧 量纲分析模型 

分 类 号：S967[农业科学—水产养殖]