围填海历史遗留问题的成因及对策研究——以海南万宁月岛项目为例  

Study on the causes and countermeasures of historical and problematic reclamation:a case of Yue island project,Wanning city,Hainan province

作　　者：翟焕锋 武文 ZHAI Huanfeng;WU Wen(College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报(中英文)》2025年第1期200-208,共9页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41806132)。

摘　　要：围填海可拓宽陆地发展空间,对经济发展起到积极作用,但围填海工程又会对海洋生态环境带来严重威胁。对于围填海,我国从大力支持到严管严控,表明国家对围填海带来的生态问题愈发重视,但“一刀切”的政策使全国大量的围填海项目成为亟待解决的历史遗留问题。本文通过梳理海南省万宁市月岛项目始末,分析了该案例成为围填海历史遗留问题的原因,主要包括:(1)法律法规、政策与制度不够完善、存在冲突与不足;(2)当地政府存在监管不力、未能依法执法、以罚代管的问题;(3)公众法律意识淡薄、社会责任意识不足、海洋意识不强。并基于原因分析从事前、事中和事后分别针对预防、监管和处理提出对策建议,以期有助于围填海历史遗留问题得到妥善解决。Reclamation,as a way to broaden the land space for development,plays a positive role in social and economic development,whereas it will lead serious threat to marine ecological environment.From strong support to strict management and control,China has paid more and more attention to the ecological problems caused by reclamation.However,the one-size-fits-all policy had made a large number of reclamation projects which became historical problems to be solved.This paper reviewed the case of Yue island project in Wanning city,Hainan province and analyzed the causes of historical and problematic reclamation,mainly including:(1)imperfect,conflicting and insufficient laws,regulations policies and systems;(2)government’s ineffective supervision,failure to enforce the law and act of substituting punishment for custody;and(3)weak legal consciousness,insufficient social responsibility consciousness,weak awareness of the ocean in the society.Based on the cause analysis,relevant countermeasures and suggestions for prior prevention,in-process supervision and post-processing were put forward,in order to help solve the historical problems of reclamation properly.

关 键 词：围填海历史遗留问题 成因 对策 月岛 

分 类 号：P748[天文地球—海洋科学]