转运体与全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)体内消除关系现状  

Status of Transporters in Relation to the in Vivo Elimination of Perfluoro and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances(PFAS)

作　　者：覃婧婧 QIN Jingjing(School of Pharmacy,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学药学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《山东化工》2025年第5期131-133,共3页Shandong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：传统PFAS是广泛存在于环境中的污染物,会对生态系统及人类健康带来极大威胁。PFAS在环境和生物中具有持久性,难以发生生物转化,因此PFAS消除很大程度上依赖于胆汁和尿液的非代谢性清除。此外,因其持久性导致的生物积累和对动植物及人类健康带来的潜在危害也逐渐引起了人们的关注。尽管目前市场上出现了越来越多的PFAS替代品,然而这也带来了新的挑战。研究表明,PFAS及其新兴替代物半衰期的估算对量化其在人体中的持久性、毒性和体内消除至关重要。在动物中,PFAS的消除半衰期存在显著的性别、物种及链长差异,这些差异被认为主要与肾脏转运体有关,然而这两者之间的作用尚不明确。在此主要概述了PFAS体内消除与转运体尤其是肾脏转运体之间的关联,以期为阐明PFAS及其新兴替代物的半衰期差异的主要原因提供参考,减少其带来的机体与环境危害。Conventional PFAS are widespread pollutants in the environment,posing a significant threat to ecosystems and human health.PFAS are persistent in the environment and organisms,and are difficult to be biotransformed,so the elimination of PFAS is largely dependent on non-metabolic elimination in bile and urine.In addition,the bioaccumulation of PFAS due to its persistence and the potential harm to animal,plant,and human health have gradually attracted people's attention.Although an increasing number of alternatives to PFAS are now available on the market,this poses new challenges.Studies have shown that the estimation of half-life of PFAS and its emerging alternatives is essential to quantify its persistence,toxicity and in vivo elimination in humans.In animals,there are significant sex,species,and chain length differences in the elimination half-life of PFAS,which are thought to be primarily related to renal transporters,yet the role of the two is unclear.Here,the association between PFAS elimination in vivo and transporters,especially renal transporters,is summarized with the aim of providing a reference for elucidating the main reasons for the differences in half-life of PFAS and its emerging substitutes,and to reduce the organismal and environmental hazards associated with them.

关 键 词：PFAS 转运体 体内消除 半衰期 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]