营养膳食指导对孕期营养状况和妊娠结局的影响  

Effect of nutritional dietary guidance on nutritional status during pregnancy,pregnancy outcomes

作　　者：覃秀 赖俏红 龙翠萍 梁秋红[1] 孔紫靖[2] QIN Xiu;LAI Qiaohong;LONG Cuiping(Department of Obstetrics,Xiaolan People's Hospital of Zhongshan,Guangdong Province(Zhongshan Fifth People's Hospital),Guangdong,Zhongshan 528305,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市小榄人民医院(中山市第五人民医院)产科,528305 [2]广东省中山市小榄人民医院(中山市第五人民医院)妇科,528305

出　　处：《河北医药》2025年第3期489-492,共4页Hebei Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的研究营养膳食指导对孕期营养状况和妊娠结局的影响。方法将2022年1月至2023年12月南方医科大学附属小榄医院建档的300例孕妇按产妇保健手册编号尾号单双号分为对照组和研究组,每组150例。对照组接受常规孕期指导,研究组在对照组基础上接受营养膳食指导,比较2组膳食结构、营养素摄入情况、体重增长情况、妊娠并发症及结局。结果干预后,研究组蔬菜类、奶制品、动物内脏、水果、豆制品、坚果日均摄入量高于对照组,精制谷类、甜食日均摄入量低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,研究组能量、蛋白质、膳食纤维、维生素A、维生素C、叶酸、钾、钙、铁、锌高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组低体重、正常体重及超重孕妇孕期体重增量小于对照组(P<0.05);研究组妊娠期高血压、糖尿病、贫血、巨大儿、早产儿、先天性异常等低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论营养膳食指导可调整孕期饮食结构,改善孕妇营养水平,控制孕期体重,减少妊娠并发症和不良妊娠结局,值得推广。Objective To study the effect of nutritional dietary guidance on nutritional status during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome.Methods Three-hundred pregnant women who came to Xiaolan Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University were divided into a control group(conventional pregnancy guidance,n=150)and a study group(nutritional dietary guidance+conventional pregnancy guidance,n=150)according to the single and double numbers of the maternal health handbook number.The dietary structure,nutrient intake,weight gain,complications and outcomes of pregnancy were compared between groups.Results After the intervention,the average daily intake of vegetables,dairy products,animal offal,fruits,soybean products,and nuts in the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the average daily intake of refined cereals and sweets was significantly lower(P<0.05).After the intervention,the study group had significantly higher intake of energy,protein,dietary fiber,vitamin A,vitamin C,folate,potassium,calcium,iron,and zinc,and less weight gain of pregnancy with underweight,normal weight and overweight relative to the control group(all P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group(hypertension:10.67%vs 21.33%;diabetes:4.00%vs 10.00%;anemia:24.67%vs 40.00%;P<0.05),and the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(macrosomia:6.67%vs 14.00%;preterm labor:2.67%vs 8.00%;congenital anomalies:6.00%vs1.33%;P<0.05).Conclusion Nutritional dietary guidance can adjust the dietary structure during pregnancy,improve the nutritional level of pregnant women,control the weight during pregnancy,reduce the complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes,and it is worth promoting.

关 键 词：妊娠结局 孕期营养 营养膳食指导 

分 类 号：R714.1[医药卫生—妇产科学]