瑞丽地区新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染儿童的流行病学及临床特征分析  

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children infected with novel coronavirus Omicron variant in Ruili area

作　　者：赵晓芬[1] 何娟[1] 高瑾[1] 马建松 ZHAO Xiaofen;HE Juan;GAO Jin;MA Jiansong(Department of Neonate,Kunming Children's Hospital,Kunming,Yunnan,650228,China;Department of Internal Medicine,Chinese Medicine and Dai Medical Hospital of Ruili,Ruili,Yunnan,678600,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明市儿童医院新生儿科,云南昆明650228 [2]瑞丽市中医傣医医院内科,云南瑞丽678600

出　　处：《当代医学》2024年第36期142-145,共4页Contemporary Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析瑞丽地区新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染儿童的流行病学及临床特征。方法选取2022年2—4月于瑞丽市中医傣医医院住院隔离的101例新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染患儿作为研究对象,根据患儿感染年龄分为A组(1个月~<3岁,n=16)、B组(3~<7岁,n=24)与C组(7~15岁,n=61)。收集患儿临床资料,观察患儿的临床特征,检测白细胞介素-6(interleukin 6,IL-6)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase,LDH)水平,患儿入院后行新型冠状病毒及抗体检测,记录患儿的治疗方案,观察患儿的转归情况。结果C组年龄大于A、B组,B组大于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B、C组接种新冠疫苗占比均高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.017)。3组发热、呼吸道症状占比及热峰、热程、住院时间比较差异无统计学意义,但C组住院时间短于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组IL-6、CRP、D-D、LDH升高占比及入院后第1次核酸Ct值ORF1ab基因与N基因比较差异无统计学意义;3组肺部CT异常、IgG阳性占比比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),C组CT异常占比低于A组,B、C组IgG的阳性占比均高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.017);3组IgM均为阴性。A组肺部CT提示双肺弥漫磨玻璃影2例;B组右肺下叶外基底段见类圆形单发磨玻璃密度影1例;C组肺部CT均未见异常。3组给予对症处理和中药治疗,均未使用抗病毒药物、抗菌药物及糖皮质激素,均未吸氧;所有患儿均治愈,无重型、危重型及死亡病例发生。结论儿童感染新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株以发热及呼吸道症状为主,年龄越小其症状越明显,需针对Omicron变异株采取有效的防控措施,提高疫苗接种率及普及免疫加强针。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical infecter characteristics of children infected with the novel coronavirus Omicron variant strain in Ruili area.Methods 101 children with novel coronavirus Omicron variant infection who were hospitalized in the Chinese Medicine and Dai Medical Hospital of Ruili from February to April 2022 were selected as the research subjects,the children were divided into the group A(1 month-<3 years old,n=16),group B(3-<7 years old,n=24)and the group C(7-15 years old,n=61)according to the age of infection.The clinical data of the patients were collected,and the clinical characteristics of the children were observed,the levels of interleukin 6(IL-6),C-reactive protein(CRP),D-dimer(D-D)and lactic dehydrogenase(LDH)were detected,the novel coronavirus and antibody were detected after admission,the treatment plan of the children was recorded,and the outcome of the children was observed.Results The age in the group C was older than that in the group A and the group B,and the group B was older than the group A,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the proportion of new coronavirus vaccination in the group B and the group C were higher than that in the group A,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.017).There were no significant difference in the proportion of fever and respiratory symptoms,heat peak,heat course and hospitalization time among the three groups,but the hospitalization time in the group C was shorter than that in the group A,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no significant difference in the proportion of elevated IL-6,CRP,D-D,LDH and the first nucleic acid Ct value after admission between ORF1ab gene and N gene among the three groups.There were significant different in the proportion of lung CT abnormalities and IgG positive among the three groups;the proportion of CT abnormalities in the group C was lower than that in the group A,and the proportion of IgG positive in the group B and the group C were h

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 Omicron变异株 儿童 流行病学 临床特征 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]