基于BIM技术的办公楼人员疏散研究  

Research on Evacuation of Office Building Personnel Based on BIM Technology

作　　者：亢永 夏晓雪 程志远 KANG Yong;XIA Xiaoxue;CHENG Zhiyuan(School of Safety Engineering,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 10267,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院安全工程学院,北京102617

出　　处：《北京石油化工学院学报》2025年第1期47-53,共7页Journal of Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：为研究城市办公楼内人员在火灾发生时因恐慌情绪产生的折返行为对人员疏散效率的影响。采用BIM技术建立模型,结合Pathfinder软件分析了不同折返人员比例和不同折返区域下的人员折返行为对疏散时间及拥挤区域的影响。结果表明:对于U字形的建筑,首层人员疏散时更倾向于从U字形中间出口疏散,其他楼层人员更倾向于使用U字形两端楼梯疏散。人员的折返行为对疏散效率有明显的减缓作用,随着人员折返比例的增大,疏散时间迅速增加,人员在出口附近和楼梯口处出现明显拥堵现象;当折返区域在不同楼层时,拥堵现象更加明显,拥堵持续时间增加,疏散效率降低。To study the effect of the folding behavior of people in urban office buildings due to panic on the efficiency of evacuation in case of fire.BIM technology was used to establish the model,combined with Pathfinder software to analyze the effect of the folding behavior on evacuation time and congested area under different folding personnel ratios and different folding areas.The results show that for U-shaped buildings,people on the first floor are more likely to evacuate from the center exit of the U-shape,and people on other floors are more likely to evacuate using the stairs at the ends of the U-shape.The folding back behavior of the personnel has an obvious slowing down effect on the evacuation efficiency,with the increase of the proportion of the personnel folding back,the evacuation time increases rapidly,and the personnel appear obvious congestion phenomenon near the exit and the stairway;when the folding back area is on different floors,the congestion phenomenon is more obvious,the duration of the congestion increases,and the evacuation efficiency decreases.

关 键 词：疏散仿真 BIM建模 折返行为 拥堵情况 PATHFINDER 

分 类 号：X913.3[环境科学与工程—安全科学]