粤北瑶族传统村落文化景观特征与形成因素研究——以广东省连南县南岗古排为例  

Research on the Cultural Landscape Characteristics and Formation Factors of Yao Traditional Villages in Northern Guangdong:A Case Study of Nangang Yao Village in Liannan County

作　　者：廖信春 陈晓玲 丁传标 LIAO Xinchun;CHEN Xiaoling;DING Chuanbiao(School of Landscape Architecture,Guangdong Eco-engineering Polytechnic,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China,510520;Guangzhou Urban Construction Planning and Design Institute,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China,510045;School of Architecture,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China,510641)

机构地区：[1]广东生态工程职业学院风景园林学院,广州510520 [2]广州市城建规划设计院有限公司,广州510045 [3]华南理工大学建筑学院,广州510641

出　　处：《园林》2025年第4期77-83,共7页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

摘　　要：文化景观特征挖掘对于构建瑶族传统村落文化景观图谱,促进民族文化多样性保护,推动粤北民族地区乡村文旅振兴具有重要意义。基于文化生态学视角,以粤北高山瑶族典型村寨南岗古排为例,从村落选址与文化景观格局、民居形式与材料装饰风格、聚落空间形态、信仰文化等方面解析了粤北瑶族人地持续互动过程中传统村寨文化景观的构成、组合及典型特征。研究结果发现,粤北瑶族传统村落具有山地垂直聚落文化景观格局、联排开放的排屋式民居与原生质朴的装饰材料、血缘与地缘交织的内聚性聚落形态、盘王庙与龙头石轴线引领的信仰文化景观特质。这些复合、多元的文化景观特征是瑶族迁徙历史与民族信仰、山地环境、瑶老制社会组织、汉文化扩散交融等多要素耦合作用下形成的,其中以血缘划分居住单元并融合陡坡地缘因素的传统社会组织结构是南岗瑶寨聚落文化景观特质形成的核心。The excavation of the cultural landscape features of Yao traditional villages is highly signifi cant in promoting the protection of the cultural diversity of ethnic dwellings,identifying which elements of Yao traditional villages need protection,and advancing the revitalization of rural culture and tourism in northern Guangdong’s ethnic areas.Using Nangang Yao Village,a typical Yao village situated in the high mountains of northern Guangdong,as a case study,the study analyzed the connotation,composition,and distinctive features of the cultural landscape of traditional Yao villages through the continuous interaction between people and land.This analysis focused on the system of village sites and cultural landscape elements,the form of dwellings and ma-terial decoration styles,the spatial arrangement of settlements,and the cultural landscape associated with national beliefs and rituals.The study revealed that Yao traditional villages in northern Guangdong exhibit a landscape pattern characterized by vertical and three-dimensional settlements in mountainous regions,open rows of houses featuring native and simple decorative materials,a cohesive settlement pattern intertwining bloodlines and geography,and faith-related landscape qualities centered on the Panwang Temple and the Dragon Head Stone.These composite and diverse cultural landscape features have emerged from the interactive coupling of Yao migration history and ethnic beliefs,the mountain environment,the social organization of the Yao Laos system,and ethnic culture.Notably,the traditional social organization of the Yao Laos system,which segments resi-dential units by bloodline and incorporates geographical factors of steep slopes,plays a crucial role in the long-term inheritance of the core cultural landscape features of the Nangang Yao Village settlement.

关 键 词：传统村落 聚落景观 文化生态 景观特质 瑶族 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]