小型水库高程系统数据治理技术研究——以江西省2022年小型水库安全监测能力提升试点项目为例  

Technologies for governing data of small reservoir elevation systems--a case study of pilot project of Jiangxi Province for enhancing small reservoir safety monitoring capabilities in 2022

作　　者：万浩平 龚羊庆 熊家归 Wan Haoping;Gong Yangqing;Xiong Jiagui

机构地区：[1]江西省水利科学院,南昌330029 [2]江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,南昌330029

出　　处：《中国水利》2025年第6期53-60,共8页China Water Resources

摘　　要：当前江西省小型水库工程高程基准体系不统一,引发数据混乱冲突、一数多源、标准化程度偏低等问题,导致水利基础数据难以有效整合应用,严重制约水库运行管理效能提升,阻碍水库治理现代化与数字化转型进程。为全面实现江西省小型水库高程基准向1985国家高程基准体系精准转换,依托2022年江西省小型水库安全监测能力提升试点项目,选取17个县(区、市)423座水库作为示范载体,采用GNSS静态与动态测量技术相结合方式,完成全省小型水库高程基准统一工程化实践。通过对比分析复测数据成果与原始考证信息,揭示出原始考证资料存在显著的系统性偏差,整体可信度存疑。构建了水库高程测量标准化技术体系,提出了水库高程系统测量内容、方法、流程及相关注意事项,并针对1985高程测量成果提出了近远期成果应用落地建议,为构建江西省小型水库安全运行和管理数字化底座提供可靠技术支撑。Currently,the elevation datum systems of small reservoirs in Jiangxi Province are inconsistent,leading to data confusion,conflicts,multiple data sources,and a low degree of standardization.These issues hinder the effective integration and application of fundamental water conservancy data,severely restricting improvements in reservoir operation management efficiency and impeding the modernization and digital transformation of reservoir governance.To achieve precise conversion of small reservoir elevation datums in Jiangxi Province to the 1985 National Height Datum system,the pilot project for enhancing small reservoir safety monitoring capabilities in 2022 was implemented.A total of 423 reservoirs across 17 counties(districts,cities)were selected as demonstration subjects,utilizing a combination of GNSS static and dynamic measurement techniques to complete the engineering practice of unifying the elevation datums of small reservoirs province-wide.By comparing re-surveyed data with original archival information,significant systematic deviations were identified in the original records,casting doubt on their overall reliability.A standardized technical system for reservoir elevation measurement was established,detailing measurement content,methods,procedures,and relevant considerations.Recommendations for both immediate and long-term application of the 1985 elevation measurement results were proposed,providing reliable technical support for constructing a digital foundation for the safe operation and management of small reservoirs in Jiangxi Province.

关 键 词：小型水库 全球导航卫星系统(GNSS) 高程基准 数据治理 测量 

分 类 号：TV697[水利工程—水利水电工程] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]