青海省西宁市8~10岁儿童及孕妇碘营养状况监测结果分析  

Analysis of iodine nutritional status monitoring results of children aged 8-10 and pregnant women in Xining City,Qinghai Province

作　　者：陈勋[1] 王明君 沈洪婷[1] 张金梅 李亚楠[1] 甘培春[1] 胡兰盛[1] 蔡生花[1] 姜泓[1] 杨佩珍[1] 马静[1] 余慧珍[1] 孟献亚[1] Chen Xun;Wang Mingjun;Shen Hongting;Zhang Jinmei;Li Yanan;Gan Peichun;Hu Lansheng;Cai Shenghua;Jiang Hong;Yang Peizhen;Ma Jing;Yu Huizhen;Meng Xianya(Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Qinghai Provincial Institute of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Xining 810000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所地方病预防控制科,西宁810000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2025年第2期124-127,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解青海省西宁市8~10岁儿童及孕妇碘营养状况。方法2019—2021年,采用分层整群抽样方法,每年在青海省西宁市所辖7个县(区)按东、西、南、北、中划分5个抽样片区,每个片区抽取1个乡(镇、街道);每个乡(镇、街道)所在地抽取1所小学的40名8~10岁非寄宿学生(男女各半、年龄均衡)及20名孕妇,采集家中食用盐盐样及随机1次尿样测定盐碘和尿碘含量;采用B超法测定儿童甲状腺容积,计算儿童甲状腺肿大率。结果共采集8~10岁儿童及孕妇家庭食用盐盐样6534份,盐碘均数为25.58 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为97.50%(6371/6534),合格碘盐食用率为89.46%(5845/6534)。共采集儿童尿样4362份,尿碘中位数为183.10μg/L,不同年份间比较差异有统计学意义(H=20.27,P<0.001)。共采集孕妇尿样2169份,尿碘中位数为168.90μg/L,不同年份间比较差异有统计学意义(H=107.09,P<0.001)。共检查儿童甲状腺3336例,检出甲状腺肿大33例,甲状腺肿大率为0.99%,不同年份间比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.00,P<0.001)。结论2019—2021年西宁市8~10岁儿童及孕妇均处于碘适宜水平,碘缺乏病防治成果仍需持续巩固。ObjectiveTo investigate the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8-10 and pregnant women in Xining City,Qinghai Province.MethodsFrom 2019 to 2021,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to divide 7 counties(districts)under the jurisdiction of Xining City,Qinghai Province into 5 sampling areas according to east,west,south,north,and center each year.One township(town,street)was selected from each area.Forty non boarding students aged 8 to 10 from each primary school(half male and half female,age balanced)and 20 pregnant women from each township(town,street)location were selected to collect edible salt samples at home and a random urine sample to measure salt iodine and urinary iodine level.B-ultrasound was used to measure thyroid volume in children and the goiter rate was calculated.ResultsA total of 6534 samples of household edible salt were collected from children and pregnant women,with an average salt iodine concentration of 25.58 mg/kg.The coverage rate of iodized salt was 97.50%(6371/6534),and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 89.46%(5845/6534).A total of 4362 urine samples were collected from children,with a median urinary iodine level of 183.10μg/L.The difference between different years was statistically significant(H=20.27,P<0.001).A total of 2169 urine samples were collected from pregnant women,with a median urinary iodine level of 168.90μg/L.The difference between different years was statistically significant(H=107.09,P<0.001).A total of 3336 cases of thyroid gland examination were conducted in children,including 33 cases of thyroid enlargement,with a goiter rate of 0.99%.There was a statistically significant difference between different years(χ^(2)=15.00,P<0.001).ConclusionFrom 2019 to 2021,children aged 8 to 10 and pregnant women in Xining City are at an appropriate level of iodine,and the achievements in prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders still need to be continuously consolidated.

关 键 词：碘 尿 盐类 儿童 孕妇 

分 类 号：R59[医药卫生—内科学]