新一代大口径高强度火炮身管锻件塑性成形分布规律  

Distribution laws of plastic forming for new generation large-caliber high strength artillery barrel forgings

作　　者：刘嘉勉 吕鸿儒 刘万颖 王星 马庆贤[1] Liu Jiamian;Lyu Hongru;Liu Wanying;Wang Xing;Ma Qingxian(Department of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industry Group Corp.,Ltd.,Baotou 014030,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [2]内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司,内蒙古自治区包头014030

出　　处：《锻压技术》2025年第3期23-29,共7页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国防基础科研计划(JCKY2022208A002)。

摘　　要：掌握身管锻件成形分布规律是保证身管锻件成形质量的前提,对新一代大口径火炮身管服役性能具有决定性作用。采用物理模拟与数值模拟相结合的研究方法,针对采用电渣重熔工艺生产的Cr-Ni-Mo-V钢在身管制坯过程中存在的问题,提出了一种新的成形工艺流程,即闭式镦粗、反挤压冲孔、挤压成形复合工艺。研究结果表明,闭式镦粗可以有效破碎粗大枝晶并提高组织均匀性;反挤压冲孔有助于形成空心厚壁身管坯料,但存在内部缺陷时易导致缺陷扩展;挤压成形工艺则能够确保管壁厚度的均匀性和金属流速的稳定性。物理模拟与数值模拟结果的一致性验证了所提工艺的有效性,为实际生产提供了重要的理论依据和技术支持。Mastering the forming distribution law of barrel forgings is the prerequisite for ensuring the forming quality of barrel forgings and plays a decisive role in the service performance of the new generation large-caliber artillery barrels.Therefore,a research method combining physical simulation and numerical simulation was adopted.Then,for the problems existing in the artillery barrel blank forming process of Cr-Ni-Mo-V steel produced by the electroslag remelting process,a new forming process flow was proposed,namely the composite process of closed upsetting,reverse extrusion punching and extrusion forming.The results show that the closed upsetting effectively breaks up the coarse dendrites and improves the uniformity of structure.The reverse extrusion punching helps to form a hollow thick-walled barrel blank,but it is easy to cause defect expansion when there are internal defects.The extrusion forming process ensures the uniformity of tube wall thickness and the stability of metal flow rate.The consistency of the physical and numerical simulation results verifies the effectiveness of the proposed process and provides important theoretical basis and technical support for the actual production.

关 键 词：塑性成形工艺 身管锻件 闭式镦粗 反挤压冲孔 挤压成形 金属流动 

分 类 号：TG314.3[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]