40CrNi4Mo1V高强钢高温氧化特性  

High-temperature oxidation characteristics of 40CrNi4Mo1V high-strength steel

作　　者：韩冲 刘佳伟 林均品[2] 张小宝 赵阳 曹潇 Han Chong;Liu Jiawei;Lin Junpin;Zhang Xiaobao;Zhao Yang;Cao Xiao(China Academy of Machinery Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical&Electrical Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国机械总院集团北京机电研究所有限公司,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学新金属材料全国重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《锻压技术》2025年第3期51-57,共7页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国防基础科研计划(JCKY2022208A002)。

摘　　要：研究了40CrNi4Mo1V高强钢在空气中950、1220℃下氧化1~10 h形成的氧化层。利用光学显微镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜及能谱仪对氧化层的形貌、厚度、组成及热裂纹和内生氧化质点进行了分析。研究发现,氧化温度比氧化时间对氧化层厚度的影响更为显著。1220℃下氧化10 h形成厚度超过3800μm的氧化层,氧化层向基体的过渡区存在铁铬氧化相和铁镍金属相交错的混合组织,沿靠近基体方向,铁镍金属相中Ni质量分数由64.2%降至9.5%。铁铬氧化相和铁镍金属相机械互锁,增加了氧化层附着力,破坏了基体金属的连续性,引起基体内热裂纹。初生微裂纹的毛细虹吸作用提高了裂纹中的氧浓度,裂纹处铬、铁元素氧化引起体积膨胀,加速裂纹扩展,裂纹附近形成铁铬氧化物为主的内生氧化质点。The oxide layers formed on 40CrNi4Mo1V high strength steel at 950 and 1220℃in air for 1-10 h were investigated,and the morphology,thickness,composition,thermal cracks and endogenous oxide particles of the oxide layer were analyzed by optical microscopy,field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy spectroscopy.The results show that the oxidation temperature exerts a more substantial influence on the thickness of oxide layer compared to the oxidation time.Oxidation at 1220℃for 10 h forms an oxide layer with a thickness of exceeding 3800μm.In the transition zone from the oxide layer to the matrix,there is a mixed structure of Fe-Cr oxide phases and Fe-Ni metal phases.Along the direction close to the matrix,the mass fraction of Ni in the Fe-Ni metal phase decreases from 64.2%to 9.5%.The mechanical interlocking of the Fe-Cr oxide phase and the Fe-Ni metal phase increases the adhesion of the oxide layer,destroys the continuity of the matrix metal,and causes thermal cracking in the matrix.The capillary siphon effect of the primary microcracks increases the oxygen concentration in the cracks.The oxidation of Cr and Fe elements at the cracks causes volume expansion,accelerates the crack propagation,and forms endogenous oxidation particles mainly composed of Fe-Cr oxides near the cracks.

关 键 词：40CrNi4Mo1V高强钢 氧化温度 氧化时间 氧化层 热裂纹 

分 类 号：TG172.3[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]