云南烧伤中心1500例小儿烧伤患者流行病学分析  

An Epidemiological Analysis of 1500 Pediatric Burns Patients at the Burn Center in Yunnan

作　　者：黄宝川 李武全[1] 唐毅 HUANG Baochuan;LI Wuquan;TANG Yi(Burn Research Institute,The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming Yunnan 650101,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第二附属医院烧伤科,云南昆明650101

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2025年第3期89-96,共8页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：云南省卫计委医学后备人才培养计划基金(H-2017033)。

摘　　要：目的 研究云南省小儿烧伤流行病学的特点。方法 收集2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日收治于昆明医科大学第二附属医院烧伤科的1 500例小儿烧伤患者的住院资料,对小儿烧伤患者的年龄、性别、烧伤发生时间、烧伤类型、烧伤面积、烧伤部位、小儿烧伤患者同期占比、住院时长、付费方式、住院费用、居住地等特点进行统计分析。结果 小儿烧伤最容易发生时期为幼儿期(873例,58.2%),男性儿童相较于女性儿童更易发生烧伤(男∶女=1.9∶1);最常发季节为春季(n=404,26.9%);热液烫伤为主要致伤类型(n=1 211,81.0%);小儿烧伤严重程度以中度烧伤为主(n=945,63.0%);统计小儿烧伤最大面积为98.0%TBSA,最小面积为0.1%TBSA,烧伤平均面积x为14.5%TBSA,中值为10.0%TBSA;小儿烧伤最常发生部位为躯干(n=982,23.4%);2018一2022年小儿烧伤患者占同期烧伤患者占比逐年下降(χ^(2)=18.852,P <0.001),小儿烧伤患者平均住院时长为12.4 d,平均住院费用为15 667.08元;小儿烧伤患者家庭居住地大部分位于县级及以下地区(n=1 027,68.5%);烧伤危重程度、治疗方式、是否有并发症与小儿烧伤的临床结局有影响,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.453,P <0.001)。结论 小儿烧伤患者呈现出一系列显著的特点。小儿烧伤患者以男性为主,好发年龄主要集中在幼儿期,春季被确定为最为多发的季节,而秋季则相对较少。热液烫伤是主要的烧伤类型,以中度烧伤为主,烧伤平均面积约为14.5%TBSA,四肢、躯干被确定为烧伤好发部位。近年居民对于小儿烧伤的预防意识逐渐提高,小儿烧伤患者占比存在明显的下降趋势。Objective To study the characteristics of pediatric burn epidemiology in this area.Methods Data of 1500 pediatric burn patients admitted to the Burn Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 1,2018 to December 31,2022 were collected.The age,sex,time of burn occurrence,type of burn,burn area,burn site,proportion of pediatric burn patients in the same period,length of hospitalization,payment method,hospitalization cost and residence of pediatric burn patients were statistically analyzed.Results The most common time for childhood burns to occur is during early childhood(873 cases,58.2%),with male children more likely to suffer burns compared to female children(male∶female=1.9∶1).The most frequent season for these burns is spring(404 cases,26.9%).Scalding from hot liquids is the primary cause of injury(1211 cases,81.0%).Most childhood burns are classified as moderate severity(945 cases,63.0%).The maximum burn area recorded was 98.0%TBSA,the minimum was 0.1%TBSA,the average burn area was 14.5%TBSA,and the median was 10.0%TBSA.The most common site of burns in children is the trunk(982 cases,23.4%).From 2018 to 2022,the proportion of pediatric burn patients among all burn patients has been decreasing annually(χ^(2)=18.852,P<0.001).The average length of hospitalization for pediatric burn patients was 12.4 days,with an average hospitalization cost of 15667.08 yuan.Most of the families of pediatric burn patients live in county-level areas or below(1027 cases,68.5%).The severity of the burns,treatment methods,and presence of complications all significantly affect the clinical outcomes of pediatric burns,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=23.453,P<0.001).Conclusion Pediatric burn patients exhibit a range of significant characteristics.The majority of these patients are male,with the most common age group being toddlers.Spring has been identified as the season with the highest incidence of burns,while autumn sees relatively fewer cases.Scald injuries from hot l

关 键 词：烧伤 儿童 临床数据分析 治疗 预防 

分 类 号：R726[医药卫生—儿科]