增材制造金刚石颗粒增强金属基复合材料研究进展  

Research progress in diamond-reinforced metal matrix composites fabricated by additive manufacturing

作　　者：王辉 贺卫卫 程康康 李会霞 赵培 王新锋 王宇 WANG Hui;HE Weiwei;CHENG Kangkang;LI Huixia;ZHAO Pei;WANG Xinfeng;WANG Yu(Xi’an Sailong AM Technologies Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司,西安710000

出　　处：《航空材料学报》2025年第2期18-27,共10页Journal of Aeronautical Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3701800)。

摘　　要：金刚石颗粒增强金属基复合材料同时具备金属和金刚石的优良特性,作为功能材料、耐磨材料等在众多领域有着重要应用。增材制造技术为金属/金刚石复合材料复杂构件的直接成形提供新途径,极大地增加构件设计的自由度。本文基于常用于制备金属/金刚石复合材料的激光选区熔化、激光熔覆、冷喷涂等几种典型增材制造技术,从粉末原料和成形过程的主要技术难点、应用场景等方面,介绍增材制造金属/金刚石复合材料的研究进展。着重讨论成形过程中金刚石飞溅及石墨化的产生原因、影响及主要解决方法,最后总结增材制造金属/金刚石复合材料面临的挑战和未来发展方向。面临的挑战主要表现在增材制造过程中,出现金刚石飞溅、金属与金刚石颗粒界面控制、金刚石石墨化、金刚石颗粒破损等问题。其中,需要解决的问题侧重于优化成形工艺,实现复合材料致密性、界面结合、金刚石防护等几方面协同控制。Diamond-reinforced metal matrix composites,which exhibit unique properties of both metals and diamonds,are used as functional and wear-resistant materials in various fields.Additive manufacturing technology provides a novel approach for fabricating complex components of metal/diamond composites,significantly enhancing the design versatility of components.Based on several key additive manufacturing techniques,including selective laser melting,laser cladding and cold spraying,this paper introduces the research progress in the additive manufacturing of metal/diamond composites.It covers powder raw materials,core processing technologies and practical applications.Emphasis is placed on discussing the causes,consequenses and potential solutions for sputtering and diamond graphitization that may occur during the manufacturing process.Finally,the main challenges and future development directions of metal/diamond composites in additive manufacturing are summarized.The main manifestations are as follows:in the additive manufacturing process,problems such as diamond splashing,interface control between metal and diamond particles,graphitization of diamond and damage to diamond particles occur.The key issues to be addressed focus on optimizing the forming process to achieve coordinated control of the composite material’s density,interface bonding and diamond protection.

关 键 词：增材制造 金属/金刚石复合材料 飞溅 金刚石石墨化 

分 类 号：V257[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG706[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]