我国国土空间交通可达性测度与时空格局研究  

Measurement and Spatial-Temporal Pattern of China’s Territorial Spatial Transportation Accessibility

作　　者：马王钰青 MA Wangyuqing(Institute of Economics and Management,China Railway Economic and Planning Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路经济规划研究院有限公司经济与管理研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2025年第4期78-87,共10页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42271184);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(K2023Z002)。

摘　　要：交通是国土空间规划的关键骨架,研究国土空间交通可达性有助于优化国土空间布局、提升交通运输质量。以我国335个城市为研究对象,从“时空收敛”和“网络关联”维度,构建基于公路、高速铁路和民航的可达性指标,研究中国综合交通和不同交通可达性空间格局及时间演变特征。结果表明,综合交通可达性水平随国土空间交通运输体系的完善逐年提高,以胡焕庸线为分界线,东南部较西北部城市具有更高的可达性和更快的增长速度,呈东中西递减分布,直辖市、省会城市与其连接起的通道具有较高可达性。公路可达性呈现“核心-外围”圈层结构;高速铁路可达性随年份增加沿铁路主干线向外延伸,整体发展迅速;民航可达性呈现出不规则分散结构。研究结果以期为国土空间交通规划提供科学合理支撑。Transportation is the key skeleton of territorial spatial planning,and the analysis of territorial spatial transportation accessibility is of great significance to optimize the territorial spatial layout and improve the quality of transportation.Based on 335 cities in China,this paper constructed a transportation accessibility index considering highways,high speed railways,and civil aviation from the dimensions of“spatial and temporal convergence”and“network correlation”and analyzed the spatial pattern and temporal evolution of accessibility of comprehensive transportation and different modes of transportation in China.The results show that the level of comprehensive transportation accessibility rises year by year with the improvement of the territorial spatial transportation system.With the Hu Huanyong Line as the boundary,the southeastern cities exhibit higher accessibility and a faster growth rate compared with the northwestern cities,demonstrating a decreasing trend from east to west.In particular,the municipalities directly under the central government,the provincial capitals,and the corridors that are connected to them have higher accessibility.Highway accessibility shows a“core-periphery”circle structure;high speed railway accessibility extends outward along the main railroad line in each year,and the overall development is rapid;civil aviation accessibility shows an irregular and scattered structure.The results are expected to provide scientific and reasonable support for territorial spatial transportation planning.

关 键 词：国土空间 城市 可达性 综合交通 时空格局 

分 类 号：U2-9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]