春运期间人员有限情况下高速铁路乘务排班计划编制研究  

Crew Shift Scheduling Scheme of High Speed Railway under Limited Personnel during Spring Festival Travel Rush

作　　者：曾娟 田志强[1,2] 朱卯午 王菲 张天祥 ZENG Juan;TIAN Zhiqiang;ZHU Maowu;WANG Fei;ZHANG Tianxiang(School of Traffic and Transportation,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Key Laboratory of Railway Industry on Plateau Railway Transportation Intelligent Management and Control,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学交通运输学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学高原铁路运输智慧管控铁路行业重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司运输及经济研究所,北京100081 [4]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2025年第4期108-116,共9页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72161023,71761023);甘肃省优秀研究生“创新之星”项目(2023CXZX-580);兰州交通大学交通运输学院青年科学基金项目(YQN202204)。

摘　　要：针对春运期间运输任务繁重导致乘务员人数不足的情况,客运段通常会考虑借调部分乘务员来分担值乘任务。为减少借调乘务员数量,提高乘务员运用效率,对排班模式进行调整,适当减少轮班模式中的休息时间,将轮班模式灵活组合直至完全覆盖排班周期。基于“生成与选择”的思想,首先,设计了搜索算法生成可行乘务排班方案集合;其次,以借调乘务员人数最少为优化目标构建集合覆盖模型,利用求解器对模型进行求解,实现可行排班方案集合的筛选;最后,运用某客运段春运期间的乘务交路计划对调整后的乘务排班模式进行验证。结果表明:依据提出的算法对乘务排班模式进行调整,不仅能够提高乘务员运用的灵活性,而且借调乘务组数量也有所减少,从原本所需的42组减少至36组,在一定程度上降低了铁路运输企业人力资源成本。Due to the high demand for railway services during the Spring Festival,there is often a shortage of available crew.To address this issue,passenger transport departments generally consider the secondment of crews to help with operations.To minimize the number of seconded crews and improve crew utilization efficiency,this study proposed adjusting the crew shift scheduling scheme by appropriately reducing rest time in shifts and flexibly combining shift scheduling to fully cover the operational period.Based on a“generation and selection”approach,this paper designed a search algorithm to generate a set of feasible crew shift scheduling schemes.Secondly,a set covering model was constructed to minimize the number of seconded crew,which was solved using a solver and realized the screening of feasible shift scheduling scheme set.Finally,the adjusted routing plan of a specific passenger transport department during the Spring Festival travel rush was used to verify the effectiveness of the crew shift scheduling scheme proposed in this paper.The results show that the adjustment of crew shift scheduling mode according to the proposed algorithm can improve crew utilization flexibility and reduce the number of seconded crew from 42 groups to 36 groups,thereby reducing the human resource costs of railway transportation enterprises.

关 键 词：高速铁路 人员有限 乘务排班计划 生成与选择 集合覆盖 

分 类 号：U293.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]