人工智能推理技术进展:以中美及其重点企业对比为例  

Research on the Status of Artificial Intelligence Reasoning Technology:A Case Study of China and the United States and Their Key Enterprises

作　　者：朱梦皎[1] 杜严勇 ZHU Mengjiao;DU Yanyong(Library,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Humanities,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学图书馆,上海200092 [2]同济大学人文学院,上海200092

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第3期51-66,共16页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“人工智能伦理风险防范研究”(编号:20&ZD041)。

摘　　要：中国和美国是人工智能专利申请最多的两个国家,推理是人工智能的核心和基座,可以通过对推理技术进展的研究来把握两国人工智能关键能力的水平。人工智能推理的本质是对思维过程的模拟或再造,将人的行为习惯、思维决策过程、事物或事件的节点及过程计算机程序化。中国的人工智能推理学术论文发文量和专利申请量从2021年开始超过美国。然而,从专利申请和授权情况来看,中国企业的表现并没有比美国企业更为突出,反而在知识推理、自动驾驶、实时交通分析等方面较为擅长。美国企业则在认知模型、神经推理、建筑、电网、人机交互等前沿方向上获得了不少专利授权。通过中美两国的分析比较,文章认为中国的各类研发主体应加强合作,拓宽技术研发范围,补足专利技术保护范围与地域布局的短板,努力推进政策规划中的前瞻性导向。China and the United States are the two countries with the most patent applications in artificial intelli-gence(AI)field.Reasoning is the core and foundation of AI technology,and we can grasp the level of key cap-abilities of AI in the two countries by studying the progress of this technology.The essential fact of AI reasoning lies in simulating or recreating the procession of thinking.It programs human behavioral habits and decision-making processes,as well as the nodes and processes of events.The number of academic papers and patent ap-plications of AI reasoning in China has exceeded that of the United States since 2021.However,judging from the patent applications and authorizations of six key companies,including Baidu,Huawei,Tencent from China,IBM,Microsoft and Google from the US,Chinese companies have not outperformed American companies.Chinese companies have been digging deep at knowledge reasoning,autonomous driving,and real-time traffic analysis.Companies from the US have obtained many patent grants in cutting-edge fields such as cognitive models,neur-al reasoning,architecture,power grids,and human-computer interaction.In addition to continuing to consolidate the existing advantages in automatic systems and control,voice recognition,etc.,it is also necessary for Chinese companies to broaden the scope of technology research and development,make up for the shortcomings of the scope of patent technology protection and geographical layout,thus get closer to the forward-looking orientation in policy planning.

关 键 词：人工智能推理 专利分析 文献计量 系统性综述 

分 类 号：O354[理学—流体力学]