生物技术在苜蓿育种中的应用进展与挑战  

Application and challenges of biotechnology in alfalfa breeding

作　　者：李一诺 刘纹琪 裴雁曦[1] LI Yinuo;LIU Wenqi;PEI Yanxi(School of Life Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 237016,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学生命科学学院,山西太原237016

出　　处：《新兴科学和技术趋势》2024年第4期323-332,共10页

摘　　要：苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)是一种多年生豆科牧草,因其卓越的营养价值、生态效益和经济价值而受到广泛重视。在这一领域,我国的科学研究、育种技术和国际合作等多个方面取得了显著进展,但仍面临诸多挑战。这要求我们加强自主创新能力,提高苜蓿品种的质量与产量,以满足市场对优质饲草日益增长的需求。本文综述了苜蓿研究领域的主要进展,重点介绍了植物基因编辑系统、全基因组关联分析、转基因技术及分子标记辅助选择等生物技术在苜蓿育种中的应用。此外,本文还讨论了当前苜蓿领域基础研究与产业发展中存在的问题,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。Medicago sativa L.is the perennial leguminous forage grass.It is widely valued for its excellent nutritional value,ecological benefit and economic value.We have made significant progress in this field,especially in the aspects of scientific research,breeding technology,and international cooperation,but we still face many challenges.This requires us to enhance our independent innovation capabilities and to improve the quality and yield of alfalfa varieties in order to meet the growing market demand for high-quality forage.In this paper,the main progress in alfalfa research was summarized,and the application of biotechnology such as plant gene editing system,genome-wide association study,transgenic technology and molecular marker-assisted selection in alfalfa breeding was emphatically introduced.This paper also discusses the problems existing in the basic research and the industrial development of alfalfa at present,and looks forward to the future research.

关 键 词：苜蓿 生物技术 育种方法 育种目标 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]