碳点基水凝胶的合成、特性与环境应用  

Synthesis,characterization and environmental applications of carbon dots-based hydrogel

作　　者：刘旭亮 曹新新 郭子文 朱哲 LIU Xu-liang;CAO Xin-xin;GUO Zi-wen;ZHU Zhe(School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《现代化工》2025年第4期25-29,共5页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41907329);科技部国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0106400)。

摘　　要：综述了碳点基水凝胶(CDH)的制备方法、特性及其在水污染治理中的应用。介绍了CDH的合成方法,包括碳点的合成技术路线(自上而下和自下而上方法)以及碳点与水凝胶的结合方式(独立合成与原位合成)。研究总结了CDH在检测和吸附水体污染物方面的性能,探讨了荧光猝灭和增强机制,以及静电相互作用、离子交换和表面络合等吸附机理。CDH凭借荧光稳定性和高吸附能力,在重金属离子、有机化合物和抗生素的检测与去除中展现出显著优势,具有广泛的应用前景。尽管如此,CDH在动态条件下的稳定性以及传感功能的集成仍需进一步优化,最后提出了未来研究方向,包括优化碳点设计、简化生产工艺、提高材料稳定性和开发配套分析技术,以推动CDH在环境保护和可持续发展中的应用。The preparation methods and characteristics of carbon dot-based hydrogel(CDH),as well as its application in treatment of water pollution are reviewed.The synthetic methods of CDH are introduced,including the synthesis technology route of carbon dots(top-down and bottom-up methods)and the combination mode of carbon dots and hydrogel(independent synthesis and in-situ synthesis).The performance of CDH in detecting and adsorbing pollutants in water is researched and summarized.The detection mechanism of CDH,involving fluorescence quenching and fluorescence enhancing,is explored,and the corresponding adsorption mechanism such as electrostatic interaction,ion exchange,and surface complexation is also expounded.Given the fluorescence stability and high adsorption ability,CDH displays significant superiority in detecting and removing heavy metal ions,organic compounds and antibiotics,showing a promising application prospect.However,the stability of CDH under dynamic conditions and the integration of its sensing functions still need further optimization.The research directions for CDH in the future is also proposed,such as optimizing the design of carbon dots,simplifying the production process,improving the stability of materials,and developing the matched analysis technology,aiming to promote the application of CDH in environmental protection and sustainable development.

关 键 词：碳点 水凝胶 荧光性 污染物 检测与吸附 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]