废弃聚氨酯功能性碳化处理及催化果糖高效转化研究  

Study on functional carbonization treatment of spent polyurethane and application in catalyzing efficient conversion of fructose

作　　者：韩文鹏 王淑娟 耿付江 刘雷 朱廷春[1] 李金龙 牛亚楠 HAN Wen-peng;WANG Shu-juan;GENG Fu-jiang;LIU Lei;ZHU Ting-chun;LI Jin-long;NIU Ya-nan(Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds,Hebei Provincial University Research and Development Center for Nanoinorganic Optoelectronic New Material Application Technology,Handan University,Handan 056005,China;Department of Applied Chemistry,Yuncheng University,Yuncheng 044000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省杂环化合物重点实验室,河北省高校纳米无机光电新材料应用技术研发中心,邯郸学院,河北邯郸056005 [2]运城学院应用化学系,山西运城044000

出　　处：《现代化工》2025年第4期167-173,179,共8页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：河北省高等学校科学研究项目(ZC2023005);邯郸市科技计划项目(21422031161);河北省杂环化合物重点实验室开放项目(KF202405)。

摘　　要：以废弃聚氨酯(PU)为原料,经浓硫酸加热碳化处理不仅可以得到聚氨酯降解产物四氢呋喃(约40%),还能回收功能化碳材料(C_(SO_(3)H)-PU)。通过XRD、SEM、FT-IR和XPS等手段对其形貌及结构进行表征。结果表明,C_(SO_(3)H)-PU主要以无定形形貌存在,其表面存在丰富的磺酸基(—SO_(3)H)、羧基等酸性基团和胺类等碱性基团。C_(SO_(3)H)-PU能够高效催化果糖脱水制备5-乙氧基甲基糠醛(EMF)。当C_(SO_(3)H)-PU催化剂质量为50 mg、V_(乙醇)∶V_(DMSO)=7∶3为反应溶剂、1 MPa N_(2)气氛、反应温度为130℃、反应时间为2 h时,果糖转化率为100%,EMF收率最高为81.2%。此外,经4次反应循环后,目标产物EMF的收率仅轻微下降,催化剂展现出了较好的稳定性。Spent polyurethane is heated with concentrated sulfuric acid for carbonization treatment to obtain tetrahydrofuran(about 40 wt.%),a degradation product of polyurethane,and functionalized carbon material(CSO_(3)H-PU).The morphology and structure of CSO_(3)H-PU are characterized by means of XRD,SEM,FT-IR,and XPS.Results show that CSO_(3)H-PU mainly exists in an amorphous morphology,with abundant acidic groups such as sulfonic acid groups(—SO_(3)H)and carboxyl groups(—COOH),as well as basic groups such as amines on its surface.CSO_(3)H-PU can efficiently catalyze the dehydration of fructose to make 5-ethoxymethylfurfural(EMF).The conversion rate of fructose reaches 100%and the highest yield of EMF is 81??2%when the dosage of CSO_(3)H-PU catalyst is 50 mg,Vethanol∶VDMSO=7∶3,reaction temperature is 130℃,and the reaction has performed for 2 h in 1 MPa N2 atmosphere.In addition,after 4 reaction cycles,the yield of the target product EMF only decreases slightly,showing that the catalyst exhibits a good stability.

关 键 词：废弃聚氨酯 果糖 5-乙氧基甲基糠醛 功能化碳材料 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]