养殖密度对宝蓝鹦鹉鱼生长、生理与繁殖的影响  

Effects of culture density on growth,physiology and reproduction of Archocentrus nigrofasciatus var.×Mikrogeophagus ramirezi

作　　者：肖佳程 赵一方 石耀华[1,2,3] 顾志峰 XIAO Jiacheng;ZHAO Yifang;SHI Yaohua;GU Zhifeng(College of Marine Biology and Fisheries,Hainan University Haikou,Hainan,570228,China;Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Biology and Biotechnology Haikou,Hainan,570228,China;Hainan Engineering Research Center of Freshwater Fisheries,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学海洋生物与水产学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南省热带水生生物与生物技术重点实验室,海南海口570228 [3]淡水渔业海南省工程研究中心,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2025年第2期304-311,共8页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：海南省院士创新平台建设项目(HD-YSZX-202011);海南省自然科学基金项目(320QN207)。

摘　　要：为了揭示养殖密度对宝蓝鹦鹉鱼(Archocentrus nigrofasciatus var.×Mikrogeophagus ramirezi)的生长和繁殖力等影响,设置了4个养殖密度组(D_1:1.16 kg·m^(-3);D_(2):2.32 kg·m^(-3);D_(3):3.48 kg·m^(-3);D_(4):4.62 kg·m^(-3)),比较不同组间宝蓝鹦鹉鱼生长速度、抗氧化酶活性和产卵量等差异。结果表明,当养殖密度不超过2.32 kg·m^(-3)时,宝蓝鹦鹉鱼的死亡率为(13.06±4.59)%、产卵数为(133±45.00)颗、卵初始平均体质量为(0.001 8±0.000 4)g、体质量为(3.73±1.22)g、末体长为(3.63±0.55)cm、特定生长率(0.005 7±0.000 6)%、平均增重率(1.47±0.12)%和孵化率(80.23±0.09)%均正常,丙二醛(MDA)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性均不高(P<0.05)。同时,随着密度的增加,养殖水域中的NH_(4)~+-N和NO_(2)~--N浓度峰值均随之显著升高(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,在封闭式循环水养殖条件下,宝蓝鹦鹉鱼的养殖密度高于2.32 kg·m^(-3)会导致NH_(4)~+-N和NO_(2)~--N浓度峰值与抗氧化酶活性升高,从而抑制宝蓝鹦鹉鱼的健康生长与繁殖,综合考量养殖单位面积产量与经济效益,宝蓝鹦鹉鱼最适宜的养殖密度为2.32 kg·m^(-3)。Four culture density groups(D1:1.16 kg·m^(-3);D_(2):2.32 kg·m^(-3);D_(3):3.48 kg·m^(-3);D_(4):4.62 kg·m^(-3))were set up to culture Archocentrus nigrofasciatus var.×Mikrogeophagus ramirezi,and the differences of growth rate,antioxidant enzyme activity and spawning quantity among different groups were compared to reveal the effects of culture density on the growth and reproduction of A.nigrofasciatus var.×M.ramirezi.The results showed that when the culture density did not exceed 2.32 kg·m^(-3),A.nigrofasciatus var.×M.ramirezi was normal in mortality rate(13.06±4.59)%,number of eggs laid(133±45.00),average initial weight of eggs(0.0018±0.0004)g,body mass(3.73±1.22)g,final body length(3.63±0.55)cm,specific growth rate(0.0057±0.0006)%,average weight gain rate(1.47±0.12)%and hatching rate(80.23±0.09)%and not high in the activities of malondialdehyde(MDA),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),total superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)(P<0.05).The peak concentrations of NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(2)^(-)-N in aquaculture water increased significantly(P<0.05)with the culture density.All these results show that under the condition of closed recirculating water culture,the culture of A.nigrofasciatus var.×M.ramirezi at a density higher than 2.32 kg·m^(-3)will lead to an increase in peak concentrations of NH+4-N and NO-2-N and antioxidant enzyme activities,which will inhibit the healthy growth and reproduction of A.nigrofasciatus var.×M.ramirezi.The optimum breeding density of A.nigrofasciatus var.×M.ramirezi is 2.32 kg·m^(-3).

关 键 词：养殖密度 宝蓝鹦鹉鱼 生长 生理 繁殖 

分 类 号：S965.8[农业科学—水产养殖]