饲料总磷和大剂量植酸酶对小型白羽肉鸡生长性能和理化指标的影响  

Effects of Total Phosphorus and High-Dose Phytase in Feed on Growth Performance and Physicochemical Indicators of Small White Feathered Broilers

作　　者：邵兵 阎佩佩[2] 梁永利 董以雷[2] 刘雪兰[2] 伏春燕 张亨 李霞[2] 石天虹[2] Shao Bing;Yan Peipei;Liang Yongli;Dong Yilei;Liu Xuelan;Fu Chunyan;Zhang Heng;Li Xia;Shi Tianhong(Shandong Livestock Product Quality and Safety Center,Jinan 250100,China;Institute of Poultry Science,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences),Jinan 250117,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省畜产品质量安全中心,山东济南250100 [2]山东省农业科学院家禽研究所,山东济南250100 [3]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院),山东济南250117

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2025年第3期173-180,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省家禽产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-11-06);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020602-4)。

摘　　要：选用1080只“益生909”小型白羽肉鸡,随机分为9组,包括1个对照组(1~21日龄、22~42日龄饲料总磷水平分别为0.68%、0.65%,有效磷水平分别为0.45%、0.40%,无植酸酶)、4个未加酶处理组(1~42日龄饲粮总磷水平分别为0.35%、0.40%、0.45%、0.50%,无植酸酶)、4个加酶处理组(1~42日龄饲粮总磷水平分别为0.35%、0.40%、0.45%、0.50%,均添加植酸酶5000 FTU/kg),每组6个重复,每重复20只鸡,公母各半,研究饲料中不同总磷水平和添加大剂量植酸酶对小型白羽肉鸡生长性能及理化指标的影响。结果表明:(1)4个未加酶组,1~21日龄、22~42日龄的日增重、日耗料随饲粮总磷水平的升高显著提高,但均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);1~21日龄的料重比除0.50%总磷组外均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),1~42日龄0.35%和0.40%总磷组的死淘率较对照组有显著升高的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10);21日龄各组血清磷均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),42日龄除0.50%总磷组之外其余三组血清磷和胫骨灰分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)4个加酶组,1~21日龄的日增重均高于或显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各日龄料重比、死淘率与对照组无显著差异;21日龄0.40%以上总磷组的血清磷及42日龄血清钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶、胫骨灰分与对照组均无显著差异。(3)42日龄各组间十二指肠食糜淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶活性均无显著差异。(4)42日龄粪便磷,加酶组与未加酶组均随饲料总磷水平的提高依次显著升高(P<0.05),具有相同饲料总磷水平的加酶组与未加酶组间差异不显著,粪便铜、铁、锰、锌含量各组间无显著差异。由此可见,总磷低于0.50%且未添加植酸酶的饲料不能满足小型白羽肉鸡的磷需要;添加5000 FTU/kg植酸酶条件下1~21日龄饲料总磷0.40%、22~42日龄饲料总磷0.35%即可满足小型白羽肉鸡的磷需要,与对照组相比可节约饲料磷酸氢钙用量94%,使粪磷含量减少65%。A total of 1080 one-day-old‘Yisheng 909’small white feathered broilers were selected and randomly allocated to nine groups with six replicates to study the effects of different levels of total phosphorus(TP)and high doses of phytase in feed on growth performance and physicochemical indexes.The nine treatments included control(TP 0.68%for 1~21 days and 0.65%for 22~42 days,available phosphorus 0.45%for 1~21 days and 0.40%for 22~42 days,no phytase),four non-phytase treatments(TP 0.35%,0.40%,0.45%and 0.50%for 1~42 days),and four phytase treatments(TP 0.35%,0.40%,0.45%and 0.50%for 1~42 days,phytase 5000 FTU/kg).There were twenty broilers per replicate with half female and half male ones.The results were as follows.(1)For the four non-phytase treatments,the daily weight gain and feed consumption at 1~21 days and 22~42 days of age increased significantly with the increase of TP,but were all significantly lower than those of the control(P<0.05);the feed-weight ratio at 1~21 days of age was significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.05)except the 0.50%TP treatment;the mortality rates of the 0.35%and 0.40%TP treatments at 1~21 days of age showed the increasing trend compared to the control(0.05≤P<0.10);the serum phosphorus level at 21-day old was significantly lower than that of the control(P<0.05),and at 42-day old,the serum phosphorus level and tibia ash were significantly lower than those of the control(P<0.05)except for the 0.50%TP treatment.(2)For the four phytase treatments,the daily weight gain at 1~21 days and 22~42 days of age were higher or significantly higher(P<0.05)than that of the control,while the feed-weight ratio and mortality rate had no significant differences with the control;the serum phosphorus of the treatments with 0.40%or more TP at 21-day old,and the serum calcium,phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase and the tibia ash contents at 42-day old had no significant differences with the control.(3)The activity of amylase,trypsin and lipase in the duodenum had no significant differences among

关 键 词：小型白羽肉鸡 磷 植酸酶 生长性能 血清磷 胫骨灰分 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]