特厚煤层动压沿空巷道非对称底鼓机理及控制  

Mechanism and control of asymmetric floor heave in gob-side entry under dynamic pressure in ultra-thick coal seams

作　　者：张琪 ZHANG Qi(Madaotou Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Jinneng Holding Coal Industry Group,Datong 037003,China)

机构地区：[1]晋能控股煤业集团马道头煤业有限责任公司,山西大同037003

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2025年第2期44-53,共10页Coal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974317)。

摘　　要：针对采掘关系紧张导致多重采动压力影响下特厚煤层沿空巷道底板非对称破坏问题,采用现场调研、理论分析、数值模拟和现场工业化试验等手段以5209回风巷道为研究对象对巷道非对称底鼓产生的机理和控制对策开展研究。通过力学分析得出巷道掘进期间两侧垂直应力及上工作面回采后侧向垂直应力计算公式,结合工作面回采数值模拟分析阐明了巷道非对称底鼓产生机理,结果表明:掘巷及工作面回采引起的应力叠加使得巷道煤柱侧应力大于实体煤侧,应力的非对称分布造成了巷道底板非对称变形;数值模拟掘巷时巷道底板位移曲线呈对称分布,底板最大位移量为29 mm,上工作面回采时底板变形呈非对称分布,巷道左侧底板距中轴线0.5 m处位移量最大,峰值位移为593 mm,随着上工作面开采巷道塑性区范围逐渐扩大,底板破坏时深度为5.5 m;依据顶帮底协同控制原则提出“起底+锚索支护+混凝土硬化”底鼓联合控制方案,并成功应用于现场实践。In order to control the asymmetric damage of the floor in the gob-side roadway under dynamic pressure due to tense mining-excavation arrangement,on-site research,theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and on-site industrialized test were conducted taking the 5209 air-return roadway as the object of research,and the formula was derived by the mechanical analysis to calculate vertical stress on both sides of roadway during the roadway excavation period and after the upper face mining.The mechanism of asymmetric floor heave in roadway was elucidated through numerical simulation.The results showed that the stress superposition caused by excavation and working face mining was manifested as the stress on the coal pillar side of the roadway being greater than that on the solid coal side,and the asymmetric distribution of stress has caused asymmetric deformation of the roadway floor.The displacement curve of the roadway floor by numerical simulation during roadway excavation shows a symmetrical distribution,with a maximum displacement of 29 mm.The deformation of the floor during upper working face mining is asymmetric.The displacement of the left floor of the roadway is maximum at a distance of 0.5 m from the central axis,with a peak displacement of 593 mm.The plastic zone of roadway gradually expands during the upper working face mining,the depth of the floor failure is 5.5 m.According to the principle of collaborative control of roof,sides and floor,the cooperative control scheme of“floor leveling+anchor cable support+concrete hardening”was proposed and successfully applied in the field.

关 键 词：特厚煤层 沿空巷道 底鼓机理 联合支护 围岩控制 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]