弱胶结膨胀性富水煤巷围岩变形破坏特征及控制技术  

Deformation and failure characteristics of weakly cemented,swellable and water-rich coal roadway surrounding rock and its control technology

作　　者：杭银建 刘洪林 李国栋 HANG Yinjian;LIU Honglin;LI Guodong(Xuzhou Mining Group Xinjiang Saier Energy Co.,Ltd.,Tacheng 834406,China;School of Geology and Mining Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)

机构地区：[1]徐矿集团新疆赛尔能源有限公司,新疆塔城834406 [2]新疆大学地质与矿业工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2025年第2期54-60,共7页Coal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52464008);新疆维吾尔自治区杰出青年科学基金项目(2022D01E31);新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”培养计划项目(2022TSYCCX0037);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项项目(2023B01010,2022B01034,2022B01051)。

摘　　要：针对富水弱胶结膨胀性软岩煤巷顶板下沉强烈、锚杆(索)破断等问题,以赛尔六矿A4301运输巷为工程背景,研究弱胶结软岩物理与力学特征、巷道围岩变形破坏特征以及锚固体失稳机制,提出相应的围岩控制技术。研究表明:弱胶结岩石粘土矿物含量高,蒙脱石含量大于10%,砂质泥岩崩解时间为0.97 h,膨胀率为5.43%;受A5煤层裂隙水影响,顶板下沉、底鼓强烈,锚杆(索)支护失效率高;顶板浸水时巷道顶板围岩强度大幅降低,产生显著膨胀应力和竖向膨胀变形,锚杆(索)被拉断或剪断,造成支护体系失效。实践表明:采用“锚-封-改”一体化控制技术可有效地控制富水弱胶结膨胀性软岩煤巷围岩变形破坏,为该类巷道围岩工程稳定性控制理论与技术提供参考。Aiming at the significant roof settlement and bolt fracture of weakly cemented,swellable,and water-rich coal roadway surrounding rock,in No.A4301 transportation gateway of Saier No.6 Mine,the physical and mechanical characteristics of weakly cemented soft,the deformation and failure characteristics of roadway surrounding rock and the instability mechanism of anchorage body were studied.Then,the corresponding surrounding rock control technology was put forward and applied in the field.The results showed that the clay mineral content of the weakly cemented rock on the roadway roof is high,among which the montmorillonite content is over 10%,the average disintegration time of sandy mudstone is 0.97 h,and the average swelling rate is 5.43%.Affected by fissure water in the A5 coal seam,the roadway exhibits severe roof subsidence and floor heave,resulting in a high failure rate of bolt(cable)support.When the roof is saturated,the strength of the surrounding rock significantly decreases,generating substantial swelling stress and vertical expansion deformation,which leads to tensile or shear failure of bolts(cables)and ultimately the collapse of the support system.Field practice demonstrated that the integrated“bolt-seal-modification”control technology effectively mitigated deformation and failure of surrounding rock in water-rich,weakly cemented,and swellable soft rock roadways.This study provides valuable insights for the theoretical and technical development of stability control in such challenging roadway conditions.

关 键 词：弱胶结软岩 膨胀性 围岩稳定性 钻孔注浆 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]