多关键层下近距离煤层群开采覆岩“两带”发育规律研究  

Development patterns of the“two zones”in overlying strata under multiple key layers during contiguous coal seams mining

作　　者：田卫东 杨帆 穆国虎 牛胜利 汪军琪 TIAN Weidong;YANG Fan;MU Guohu;NIU Shengli;WANG Junqi(Zaoyuan Coal Mine,CHN Energy Ningxia Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,National Energy Group,Lingwu 750400,China;Century Wan’an Technology(Beijing)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司枣泉煤矿,宁夏灵武750400 [2]世纪万安科技(北京)有限公司,北京100029

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2025年第2期94-102,共9页Coal Engineering

摘　　要：基于枣泉煤矿220608和220707工作面的工程背景,综合运用理论分析、钻孔窥视以及数值模拟相结合的方法,对多关键层条件下近距离煤层组开采过程中覆岩“两带”(垮落带和导水裂隙带)的发育规律展开了深入研究。研究结果表明,在单独开采6煤层的情况下,垮落带与导水裂隙带的高度分别达到8.45 m和28.64 m;而在6煤与7煤近距离煤层联合开采时,两带的高度分别增至23.19 m和55.24 m。同时针对钻孔窥视所观测到的现象展开量化分析,并结合数值模拟中塑性区的具体表现,对“两带”的发育规律进行了系统性概括,研究发现,关键层的破断对“两带”的发育速率与范围具有显著影响;此外,煤层群的开采会导致关键层受力状况产生反复变动,进而增加了破坏的不确定性,尤其是在上覆存在含水层条件的情形下,这种不确定性使得岩层垮落及矿井突水更具不可预测性。Based on the engineering context of the 220608 and 220707 working faces at Zaoyuan Coal Mine,we employed a comprehensive methodology integrating theoretical analysis,borehole peeping,and numerical simulation to investigate the development patterns of the“two zones”(the caved zone and the water-conducting fracture zone)in overlying strata during contiguous coal seam mining under multiple key layers.The findings reveal that during the single-seam mining of the No.6 coal seam,the heights of the caved zone and the water-conducting fracture zone are 8.45 m and 28.64 m,respectively.However,when the No.6 and No.7 coal seams are mined in combination,these heights increase significantly to 23.19 m and 55.24 m,respectively.Quantitative analysis of borehole peeping observations,combined with the characteristics of the plastic zone in numerical simulations,provides a systematic understanding of the development patterns of the“two zones.”The study highlights that the fracture of key layers plays a critical role in determining the rate and extent of the development of the“two zones.”Additionally,the mining of coal seam groups induces repeated stress changes in the key layers,increasing the uncertainty of their failure.Under overlying aquifer conditions,this uncertainty makes strata collapse and mine water inrush events more unpredictable.

关 键 词：近距离煤层 覆岩破坏 关键层控制 钻孔窥视 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]