松软煤层深孔定向“钻-冲-护”一体化增透促抽技术  

Deep directional borehole“drilling-punching-protection”technology for permeability enhancement in gas extraction of soft coal seam

作　　者：李高健 栗海滔 LI Gaojian;LI Haitao(Shanxi Changping Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Jincheng 048000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西长平煤业有限责任公司,山西晋城048000

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2025年第2期103-111,共9页Coal Engineering

摘　　要：为在松软煤层中实现精准、高效、稳定的瓦斯抽采,针对松软煤层深孔钻进轨迹漂移大、透气性低抽采效果差、钻孔易塌孔报废率高等难题,提出松软煤层深孔定向“钻-冲-护”一体化增透促抽技术。该技术通过滑动钻进和复合钻进相结合的方式实现定向钻进工艺,通过水力冲孔工艺优化煤体应力环境实现增透促抽,通过筛管护孔工艺为孔壁提供一定支撑保证瓦斯抽采通道。工程实践表明:在松软煤层中实施深孔定向“钻-冲-护”一体化增透促抽技术,单孔最大总进尺达1942 m,为保障精准抽采奠定了基础;最长稳定抽采时间超450 d,单孔累计抽采瓦斯量超10万m^(3),护孔率最大达92.6%,实现了全孔段护孔,突破了松软煤层抽采区域不精准、抽采效果差和效率低等难题,实现了松软煤层深孔精准、高效、稳定抽采瓦斯。In order to achieve accurate,efficient and stable gas extraction in soft coal seams,in view of the problems of large drift of deep borehole drilling trajectory in soft coal seams,low permeability,poor extraction effect,and high scrapping rate of boreholes that are easy to collapse,deep directional borehole“drilling-punching-protection”technology for permeability enhancement in gas extraction of soft coal seam was proposed.The technology realizes the directional drilling through combining the sliding drilling and composite drilling,changes the stress environment of the coal body through the hydraulic punching to enhance permeability and promote extraction,and provides a certain support for the borehole wall through the screen tube protection technology to ensure gas extraction channel.Engineering practice shows that:in the soft coal seam using the proposed technology,and the maximum total footage of single borehole reaches 1942 m,which lays the foundation for accurate extraction;the longest stable extraction duration exceeds 450 days,the cumulative amount of gas extracted through one borehole exceeds 100000 m^(3),and the borehole protection rate reaches a maximum of 92.6%,realizing the borehole protection of the entire borehole section.The problems of inaccurate extraction area,poor extraction effect and low efficiency in soft coal seams were solved,realizing precise,efficient and stable gas extraction from deep boreholes in soft coal seams.

关 键 词：定向钻进 水力增透 筛管护孔 煤层增透 瓦斯促抽 

分 类 号：TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]