氧化程度对煤泥可浮性的影响及作用机理  

Effect of oxidation degree on floatability of slime and its influence mechanism

作　　者：李大虎 杨方家 付永强 赵仁杰 杨帅豪 曹钊 LI Dahu;YANG Fangjia;FU Yongqiang;ZHAO Renjie;YANG Shuaihao;CAO Zhao(School of Mining and Coal,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering,Baotou 014010,China;Inner Mongolia Research Center for Coal Safety Mining and Utilization Engineering and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;Inner Mongolia Cooperative Innovation Center for Coal Green Mining and Green Utilization,Baotou 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古自治区矿业工程重点实验室,内蒙古包头014010 [3]内蒙古自治区煤炭安全开采与利用工程技术研究中心,内蒙古包头014010 [4]内蒙古煤炭绿色开采与绿色利用协同创新中心,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2025年第2期194-201,共8页Coal Engineering

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2023MS05007);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(2023QNJS100);内蒙古自治区一流学科科研专项(YLXKZX-NKD-054)。

摘　　要：针对煤泥氧化以后,其可浮性变差、对浮选效果产生不利影响的问题,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、分光光度计、接触角测试、药剂吸附量测定以及煤泥单元浮选和分步释放试验等方法,研究了氧化程度对煤泥可浮性的影响及作用机理。结果表明,对于苏海图9^(#)、国裕泰拉煤和路天9^(#)三种氧化程度分别为21.10%、48.30%和53.25%的煤,氧化程度越大,其—OH和>C O等官能团和含氧的亲水性铝硅矿物越多、—CH_(3)和—CH_(2)等疏水性基团越少;煤表面氧化部分占比越高、煤表面亲水性基团越起主导作用、煤的亲水性越高、煤泥浮选效果越差。同时,煤的氧化程度增加,导致煤的接触角减小、表面疏水性变差、对柴油的吸附能力变差。采用极性-非极性复合捕收剂对不同氧化程度的煤泥进行浮选,当要求精煤灰分为10%时,与仅使用柴油相比,氧化程度中等的国裕泰拉煤可燃体回收率可由11.81%提升至43.54%。The floatability of coal slime deteriorates significantly after oxidation,posing a major challenge to flotation efficiency.To investigate the influence of oxidation degree on coal slime floatability and its underlying mechanisms,we employed FTIR,XPS,spectrophotometry,contact angle measurements,reagent adsorption tests,unit flotation,and step-release experiments.Three coal samples,Suhaitu 9^(#),Guoyutela,and Lutian 9^(#),with oxidation degrees of 21.10%,48.30%,and 53.25%,respectively,were analyzed.The results reveal that higher oxidation degrees correlate with increased concentrations of hydrophilic functional groups(e.g.,—OH and>C O)and oxygen-containing aluminosilicate minerals,alongside a reduction in hydrophobic groups(e.g.,—CH_(3)and—CH_(2)).As the proportion of oxidized surface areas increases,hydrophilic groups dominate,enhancing the overall hydrophilicity of the coal and impairing flotation performance.Furthermore,increased oxidation reduces the contact angle,deteriorates surface hydrophobicity,and diminishes diesel oil adsorption capacity.Notably,for moderately oxidized coal,the recovery rate of cleaned coal(with 10%ash content)can be significantly improved from 11.81%to 43.54%compared to using diesel alone.

关 键 词：煤泥浮选 氧化程度 可浮性 复合药剂 

分 类 号：TD94[矿业工程—选矿]